Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator

Abstract: A three-stage differential voltage-controlled ring oscillator is presented for wide-tuning and low-phase noise requirement of clock and data recovery circuit in ultra wideband (UWB) wireless body area network. To improve the performance of phase noise of delay cell with coarse and fine frequency tuning, injection locked technology together with pseudo differential architecture are adopted. In addition, a multiloop is employed for frequency boosting. Two RVCOs, the standard RVCO without the IL block and the proposed IL RVCO, were fabricated in SMIC 0.18 μm 1P6M Salicide CMOS process. The proposed IL RVCO exhibits a measured phase noise of -112.37 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the center frequency of 1 GHz, while dissipating a current of 8 mA excluding the buffer from a 1.8-V supply voltage. It shows a 16.07 dB phase noise improvement at 1 MHz offset compared to the standard topology.

Key words: ring VCO, injection-locked, multiloop, frequency tuning

References:

[1]	Liu Haiqi. A low-noise multi-GHz CMOS multiloop ring oscillator with coarse and fine frequency tuning[J]. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst, 2009, 17(4): 571. doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2008.2011206
[2]	Jalil J, Reaz M B I, Ali M A M. CMOS differential ring oscillators: review of the performance of CMOS ROs in communication systems[J]. Microw Mag IEEE, 2013, 14(5): 97. doi: 10.1109/MMM.2013.2259401
[3]	Xu Yalan, Jiang Jinguang, Liu Jianghua. Wide band low phase noise QVCO based on superharmonic injection locking[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(1): 015002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/1/015002
[4]	Qin Peng, Li Jinbo, Kang Jian. Low noise frequency synthesizer with self-calibrated voltage controlled oscillator and accurate AFC algorithm[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(9): 095007. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/9/095007
[5]	Peng Bohua, Luo Wei, Zhao Jicong. Frequency stability of an RF oscillator with an MEMS-based encapsulated resonator[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(7): 074010. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/7/074010
[6]	Musa A, Okada K, Matsuzawa A. Progressive mixing technique to widen the locking range of high division-ratio injection-locked frequency dividers[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 61(3): 1161.
[7]	Riddle A. A long, winding road[J]. IEEE Microwave Mag, 2010, 11(6): 70. doi: 10.1109/MMM.2010.937734
[8]	Kobayashi Y, Amakawa S, Ishihara N, et al. A low-phase-noise injection-locked differential ring-VCO with half-integral subharmonic locking in 0.18μ m CMOS. IEEE European Solid-State Conference, 2014: 440
[9]	Lee S Y, Ito H, Amakawa S. 1.2-17.6 GHz ring-oscillator-based phase-locked loop with injection locking in 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor[J]. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2012, 51: 02BE03. doi: 10.7567/JJAP.51.02BE03
[10]	Lo Y T, Kiang J F. Comparison of injection-locked and coupled oscillator arrays for beamforming[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 63(4): 1353. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2403847
[11]	Kim M, Choi S, Seong T. A low-jitter and fractional-resolution injection-locked clock multiplier using a DLL-based real-time PVT calibrator with replica-delay cells[J]. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2016, 51(2): 401. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2015.2496781

[1]	Liu Haiqi. A low-noise multi-GHz CMOS multiloop ring oscillator with coarse and fine frequency tuning[J]. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst, 2009, 17(4): 571. doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2008.2011206
[2]	Jalil J, Reaz M B I, Ali M A M. CMOS differential ring oscillators: review of the performance of CMOS ROs in communication systems[J]. Microw Mag IEEE, 2013, 14(5): 97. doi: 10.1109/MMM.2013.2259401
[3]	Xu Yalan, Jiang Jinguang, Liu Jianghua. Wide band low phase noise QVCO based on superharmonic injection locking[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(1): 015002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/1/015002
[4]	Qin Peng, Li Jinbo, Kang Jian. Low noise frequency synthesizer with self-calibrated voltage controlled oscillator and accurate AFC algorithm[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(9): 095007. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/9/095007
[5]	Peng Bohua, Luo Wei, Zhao Jicong. Frequency stability of an RF oscillator with an MEMS-based encapsulated resonator[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(7): 074010. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/7/074010
[6]	Musa A, Okada K, Matsuzawa A. Progressive mixing technique to widen the locking range of high division-ratio injection-locked frequency dividers[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 61(3): 1161.
[7]	Riddle A. A long, winding road[J]. IEEE Microwave Mag, 2010, 11(6): 70. doi: 10.1109/MMM.2010.937734
[8]	Kobayashi Y, Amakawa S, Ishihara N, et al. A low-phase-noise injection-locked differential ring-VCO with half-integral subharmonic locking in 0.18μ m CMOS. IEEE European Solid-State Conference, 2014: 440
[9]	Lee S Y, Ito H, Amakawa S. 1.2-17.6 GHz ring-oscillator-based phase-locked loop with injection locking in 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor[J]. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2012, 51: 02BE03. doi: 10.7567/JJAP.51.02BE03
[10]	Lo Y T, Kiang J F. Comparison of injection-locked and coupled oscillator arrays for beamforming[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 63(4): 1353. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2403847
[11]	Kim M, Choi S, Seong T. A low-jitter and fractional-resolution injection-locked clock multiplier using a DLL-based real-time PVT calibrator with replica-delay cells[J]. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2016, 51(2): 401. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2015.2496781

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W L Xu, D Wu, X M Wei, B L Wei, J H Duan, F D Gui. Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(9): 095004. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/9/095004.

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