J. Semicond. > 2018, Volume 39 > Issue 2 > 024003, doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/2/024003
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SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

Optical and electrical properties of a spiral LED filament

Liping Wang1, Jun Zou2, , Bobo Yang2, Wenbo Li3, Yang Li1, , Mingming Shi2, Wei Zhu3, Canyun Zhang2, Fengchao Wang2 and Yujie Lin4

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Jun Zou, E-mail: zoujun@sit.edu.cn; Yang Li, liyang123@sit.edu.cn

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Abstract: This paper introduces a new type of spiral white light-emitting diodes (WLED) filament with high luminous efficiency and uniform optical performance. The optical and thermal properties of the flexible filament were investigated at different stretching heights, namely 0, 1, 2, and 3 cm. The results indicated that the filament showed the best optical characteristics at the stretching height of 2 cm, because of good heat dissipation. In addition, the radiation temperature of the filament was inversely proportional to the output luminous flux. The reliability of the filament at a stretching height of 2 cm was also evaluated after 1000 h of use. The result demonstrated that the luminous flux decay of the bulb was only 0.85%. The flexible spiral WLED filament exhibiting high luminous flux and good reliability could be adapted to promote industrial development in the near future.

Key words: white light-emitting diode, spiral substrate, flip chip, stretching height



[1]
Bulashevich K A, Kulik A V, Karpov S Y. Optimal ways of colour mixing for high-quality white light LED sources. Appl Mater Sci, 2014, 212(5): 914
[2]
Pimputkar S, Speck J S, DenBaars S P, et al. Prospects for LED lighting. Nat Photonics, 2009, 3(4): 180 doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2009.32
[3]
Zheng H, Liu S, Luo X. Enhancing angular color uniformity of phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes by phosphor diptransfer coating. J Lightw Technol, 2013, 31(12): 1987 doi: 10.1109/JLT.2013.2263334
[4]
Liu S, Luo X B. LED packaging for lighting application-design, manufacturing and testing. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2011
[5]
Chen Z H, Zhang Q, Wang K, et al. Reliability test and failure analysis of high power LED packages. J Semicond, 2011, 32(1): 014007
[6]
Shen K C, Lin W Y, Wu D S, et al. An 83% enhancement in the external quantum efficiency of ultraviolet flip-chip light-emitting diodes with the incorporation of a self-textured oxide mask. IEEE Electron Device Lett, 2013, 34(2): 274 doi: 10.1109/LED.2012.2228462
[7]
Ahn J H, Kim H S, Lee K J, et al. Heterogeneous three-dimensional electronics by use of printed semiconductor nanomaterials. Science, 2006, 314(5806): 754
[8]
Guo X, Zheng H, Lei X, et al. Fabrication of adjustable-morphology lens based on electrohydrodynamic for high-power light-emitting diodes. J Micromechan Microeng, 2015, 25(9): 095012 doi: 10.1088/0960-1317/25/9/095012
[9]
Jia J, Zhang A Q, Li D X, et al. Preparation and properties of the flexible remote phosphor film for blue chip-based white LED. Mater Des, 2016, 102(15): 8
[10]
Wang L, Ma J, Liu Z X. In situ fabrication of bendable microscale hexagonal pyramids array vertical light emitting diodes with grapheneas stretchable electrical interconnects. ACS Photonics, 2014, 1(5): 421 doi: 10.1021/ph500133w
[11]
Krames M R, Shchekin O B, Mach R M, et al. Status and future of high-power light-emitting diodes for solid-state lighting, display technology. Journalism, 2007, 3(2): 160
[12]
Yang B B, Xu J Y, Zhang Y, et al. A yellow emitting phosphor Dy: Bi4Si3O12 crystal for LED application. Mater Lett, 2014, 15(135): 176
[13]
Liu Z Y, Liu S, Wang K, et al. Studies on optical consistency of white LEDs affected by phosphor thickness and concentration using optical simulation. IEEE Trans Compon Pack Technol, 2010, 33(4): 680 doi: 10.1109/TCAPT.2010.2044576
[14]
Liu F X, Liu Q L, Fang Y Z, et al. White light emission from NaLa(PO3)4:Dy3+ single-phase phosphors for light-emitting diodes. Ceram Int, 2015, 41(1B): 1917
[15]
Tran N T, Shi F G. Studies of phosphor concentration and thickness for phosphor-based white light-emitting-diodes. J Lightwave Technol, 2008, 26(21): 3556 doi: 10.1109/JLT.2008.917087
[16]
Zou J, Yang B B, Li J R, et al. Effect of Sr/Ca substitution on phase structure and photoluminescence properties of micro-Srx-Ca1−xAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor for high CRI white LEDs. Ceram Int, 2016, 42(13): 14956
[17]
Bardsley N, Bland S, Pattison L, et al. Solid-state lighting research and development multi-year program plan. US Department of Energy, 2014
Fig. 1.  (Color online) Schematic of the process flow of flexible spiral LED filament.

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Fig. 2.  (Color online) (a), (b) Substrates under optical microscope without and with distributing chips. (c), (d) Substrates without and with phosphor coating.

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Fig. 3.  (Color online) Emission spectra of the phosphor at 1800 and 2700 K.

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Fig. 4.  (Color online) (a), (b) Pictures of lighted flexible blue LEDs without and with coating phosphors. (c) Electroluminescence spectra associated with 4–20 mA injection currents. (d), (e) Luminous flux versus injection currents at 1800 and 2700 K (8–21 mA).

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Fig. 5.  (Color online) (a) Setup of experiment in dark field operating uniformity test. (b) The sketch of angle adjustment between testing positions. (c) Picture of luminance distribution round the flexible spiral LED filament.

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Fig. 6.  (Color online) Filament at different stretching heights.

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Fig. 7.  (Color online) Temperature field distribution at different stretching heights.

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Fig. 8.  (Color online) (a) Highest temperature at different stretching heights and injection currents ranging from 8 to 20 mA. (b) Luminous fluxes associated with different stretching heights at injection currents ranging from 8 to 20 mA.

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Fig. 9.  (Color online) (a) Packaged light bulb with flexible spiral WLED filament. (b) Ageing test of spiral WLED device over 1000 h.

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[1]
Bulashevich K A, Kulik A V, Karpov S Y. Optimal ways of colour mixing for high-quality white light LED sources. Appl Mater Sci, 2014, 212(5): 914
[2]
Pimputkar S, Speck J S, DenBaars S P, et al. Prospects for LED lighting. Nat Photonics, 2009, 3(4): 180 doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2009.32
[3]
Zheng H, Liu S, Luo X. Enhancing angular color uniformity of phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes by phosphor diptransfer coating. J Lightw Technol, 2013, 31(12): 1987 doi: 10.1109/JLT.2013.2263334
[4]
Liu S, Luo X B. LED packaging for lighting application-design, manufacturing and testing. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2011
[5]
Chen Z H, Zhang Q, Wang K, et al. Reliability test and failure analysis of high power LED packages. J Semicond, 2011, 32(1): 014007
[6]
Shen K C, Lin W Y, Wu D S, et al. An 83% enhancement in the external quantum efficiency of ultraviolet flip-chip light-emitting diodes with the incorporation of a self-textured oxide mask. IEEE Electron Device Lett, 2013, 34(2): 274 doi: 10.1109/LED.2012.2228462
[7]
Ahn J H, Kim H S, Lee K J, et al. Heterogeneous three-dimensional electronics by use of printed semiconductor nanomaterials. Science, 2006, 314(5806): 754
[8]
Guo X, Zheng H, Lei X, et al. Fabrication of adjustable-morphology lens based on electrohydrodynamic for high-power light-emitting diodes. J Micromechan Microeng, 2015, 25(9): 095012 doi: 10.1088/0960-1317/25/9/095012
[9]
Jia J, Zhang A Q, Li D X, et al. Preparation and properties of the flexible remote phosphor film for blue chip-based white LED. Mater Des, 2016, 102(15): 8
[10]
Wang L, Ma J, Liu Z X. In situ fabrication of bendable microscale hexagonal pyramids array vertical light emitting diodes with grapheneas stretchable electrical interconnects. ACS Photonics, 2014, 1(5): 421 doi: 10.1021/ph500133w
[11]
Krames M R, Shchekin O B, Mach R M, et al. Status and future of high-power light-emitting diodes for solid-state lighting, display technology. Journalism, 2007, 3(2): 160
[12]
Yang B B, Xu J Y, Zhang Y, et al. A yellow emitting phosphor Dy: Bi4Si3O12 crystal for LED application. Mater Lett, 2014, 15(135): 176
[13]
Liu Z Y, Liu S, Wang K, et al. Studies on optical consistency of white LEDs affected by phosphor thickness and concentration using optical simulation. IEEE Trans Compon Pack Technol, 2010, 33(4): 680 doi: 10.1109/TCAPT.2010.2044576
[14]
Liu F X, Liu Q L, Fang Y Z, et al. White light emission from NaLa(PO3)4:Dy3+ single-phase phosphors for light-emitting diodes. Ceram Int, 2015, 41(1B): 1917
[15]
Tran N T, Shi F G. Studies of phosphor concentration and thickness for phosphor-based white light-emitting-diodes. J Lightwave Technol, 2008, 26(21): 3556 doi: 10.1109/JLT.2008.917087
[16]
Zou J, Yang B B, Li J R, et al. Effect of Sr/Ca substitution on phase structure and photoluminescence properties of micro-Srx-Ca1−xAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor for high CRI white LEDs. Ceram Int, 2016, 42(13): 14956
[17]
Bardsley N, Bland S, Pattison L, et al. Solid-state lighting research and development multi-year program plan. US Department of Energy, 2014

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    Received: 27 March 2017 Revised: 26 June 2017 Online: Uncorrected proof: 24 January 2018Accepted Manuscript: 02 February 2018Published: 02 February 2018

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      Article Navigation >  Journal of Semiconductors  > 2018  >  39(2): 024003
      Liping Wang, Jun Zou, Bobo Yang, Wenbo Li, Yang Li, Mingming Shi, Wei Zhu, Canyun Zhang, Fengchao Wang, Yujie Lin. Optical and electrical properties of a spiral LED filament[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2018, 39(2): 024003. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/2/024003 L P Wang, J Zou, B B Yang, W B Li, Y Li, M M Shi, W Zhu, C Y Zhang, F C Wang, Y J Lin. Optical and electrical properties of a spiral LED filament[J]. J. Semicond., 2018, 39(2): 024003. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/2/024003.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Liping Wang, Jun Zou, Bobo Yang, Wenbo Li, Yang Li, Mingming Shi, Wei Zhu, Canyun Zhang, Fengchao Wang, Yujie Lin. Optical and electrical properties of a spiral LED filament[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2018, 39(2): 024003. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/2/024003

      L P Wang, J Zou, B B Yang, W B Li, Y Li, M M Shi, W Zhu, C Y Zhang, F C Wang, Y J Lin. Optical and electrical properties of a spiral LED filament[J]. J. Semicond., 2018, 39(2): 024003. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/2/024003.
      Export: BibTex EndNote
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      Optical and electrical properties of a spiral LED filament

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/2/024003
      • 1.

        School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China

      • 2.

        School of Science, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China

      • 3.

        Zhejiang Emitting Optoelectronic Technology Company, Hangzhou 310000, China

      • 4.

        Shanghai Pn-stone Optoelectronics Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China

      Funds:

      Project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 51302171), the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (CN) (No. 14500503300), the Shanghai Municipal Alliance Program (No. Lm201547), the Shanghai Cooperative Project (No. ShanghaiCXY-2013-61), and the Jiashan County Technology Program (No. 20141316).

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