SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

A linear stepping PGA used in CMOS image sensors

Xu Jiangtao, Li Binqiao, Zhao Shibin, Li Hongle and Yao Suying

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Abstract: A low power linear stepping digital programming gain amplifier (PGA) is designed for CMOS image sensors. The PGA consists of three stages with gain range from one to nine. The gain is divided into four regions and each range has 128 linear steps. Power consumption of the PGA is saved by good tradeoff between variation of amplifier feedback coefficient, pipeline stages and gain regions. With thermometer-binary mixed coding and linear pipeline gain stepping, the load capacitance keeps constant when the gain of one stage is changed. The PGA is designed in the SMIC 0.18 µm process. Simulation results show that the power consumption is 3.2 mW with 10 bit resolution and 10 MSPS sampling rate. The PGA has been embedded in a 0.3 megapixel CMOS image sensors and fabricated successfully.

Key words: CMOS image sensor programmable gain amplifier linear stepping low power consumption

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    Received: 18 August 2015 Revised: 21 October 2008 Online: Published: 01 February 2009

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      Xu Jiangtao, Li Binqiao, Zhao Shibin, Li Hongle, Yao Suying. A linear stepping PGA used in CMOS image sensors[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2009, 30(2): 025003. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025003 Xu J T, Li B Q, Zhao S B, Li H L, Yao S Y. A linear stepping PGA used in CMOS image sensors[J]. J. Semicond., 2009, 30(2): 025003. doi:  10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025003.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Xu Jiangtao, Li Binqiao, Zhao Shibin, Li Hongle, Yao Suying. A linear stepping PGA used in CMOS image sensors[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2009, 30(2): 025003. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025003

      Xu J T, Li B Q, Zhao S B, Li H L, Yao S Y. A linear stepping PGA used in CMOS image sensors[J]. J. Semicond., 2009, 30(2): 025003. doi:  10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025003.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      A linear stepping PGA used in CMOS image sensors

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025003
      • Received Date: 2015-08-18
      • Accepted Date: 2008-06-23
      • Revised Date: 2008-10-21
      • Published Date: 2009-02-16

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