SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology

Siyuan He1, , Changhong Zhang1, Liang Tao1, Weifeng Zhang1, Longyue Zeng1, Wei Lü1 and Haijun Wu1, 2

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: He Siyuan, Email:hesy@runxinic.com

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Abstract: A CMOS long-term evolution (LTE) direct convert receiver that eliminates the interstage SAW filter is presented. The receiver consists of a low noise variable gain transconductance amplifier (TCA), a quadrature passive current commutating mixer with a 25% duty-cycle LO, a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA), a 7th-order Chebyshev filter and programmable gain amplifiers (PGAs). A wide dynamic gain range is allocated in the RF and analog parts. A current commutating passive mixer with a 25% duty-cycle LO improves gain, noise, and linearity. An LPF based on a Tow-Thomas biquad suppresses out-of-band interference. Fabricated in a 0.13 μm CMOS process, the receiver chain achieves a 107 dB maximum voltage gain, 2.7 dB DSB NF (from PAD port), -11 dBm ⅡP3, and > +65 dBm ⅡP2 after calibration, 96 dB dynamic control range with 1 dB steps, less than 2% error vector magnitude (EVM) from 2.3 to 2.7 GHz. The total receiver (total I Q path) draws 89 mA from a 1.2-V LDO on chip supply.

Key words: RF CMOSpassive mixer25% duty-cyclesaw-lessnoise figureChebyshev filterLTE



[1]
3GPP TS 36.807. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) UE (user equipment) radio transmission and reception. http://www.3gpp.org
[2]
Khatri H, Gudem P S, Larson L E, et al. A SAW-less CMOS CDMA receiver with active TX filtering. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose CA, 2009:379 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5280803/
[3]
Stephan S C B, Klumperink E A M, Leenaerts D M W, et al. The Blixer, a wideband balun-LNA-I/Q-mixer topology. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(12):2706 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.2004866
[4]
Zhuo W, Peng S. Systems, methods, and apparatus for frequency conversion. US Patent Pending, Sept. 14, 2006
[5]
Tenbroek B, Strange J, Nalbantis D, et al. Single-chip tri-band WCDMA/HSDPA transceiver without external SAW filters and with integrated TX power control. IEEE ISSCC, 2008:203 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4523127/
[6]
Koller R, Rühlicke T, Pimingsdorfer D, et al. A single-chip 0.13μm CMOS UMTS W-CDMA multi-band transceiver. IEEE RFIC Symp, 2006:187
[7]
Kaczman D, Shah M, Alam M, et al. A single-chip 10-band WCDMA/HSDPA 4-band GSM/EDGE SAW-less CMOS receiver with DigRF 3G interface and +90 dBm ⅡP2. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2009, 44(3):718 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2013762
[8]
Elahi I, Muhammd K. ⅡP2 calibration by injecting DC offset at the mixer in a wireless receiver. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst, 2007, 54(12):1135 doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2007.905376
[9]
Sacchi E, Bietti I, Erbat S, et al. A 15 mW, 70 kHz 1/f corner direct conversion CMOS receiver. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose, CA, 2003:459 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1249440/?arnumber=1249440&pageNumber%3D43003%26rowsPerPage%3D75
[10]
Thomas L. The biquad:part Ⅱ—a multipurpose active filtering system. IEEE Trans Circuits Theory, 1991, 18(3):358 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1083278/?isnumber=23411&arnumber=1083278&count=24&index=4
Fig. 1.  Architecture of Rx.

Fig. 2.  Simplified schematic of the transconductance amplifier (TCA) with large gain control range.

Fig. 3.  Schematic of a passive mixer with 25% LO.

Fig. 4.  Analog signal processing circuitry. (a) Second-order RC active low pass filter. (b) First-order RC active low pass filter. (c) PGA cell with DC-offset-cancellation circuitry.

Fig. 5.  Die microphotograph of the receiver as part of LTE transceiver.

Fig. 6.  Measured $R_x$ chain voltage gain versus control word.

Fig. 7.  Measured Rx chain DSB NF and voltage gain versus LO frequency.

Fig. 8.  Measured double side band NF versus IF at 2.4 GHz LO.

Fig. 9.  Measured out-of-band ⅡP3 versus gain.

Fig. 10.  Measured ⅡP2 (un)calibrate versus interference power.

Fig. 11.  Measured receiver output frequency response at max bw setting (20 MHz).

Fig. 12.  Measured receiver output frequency response in band at max bw. setting (20 MHz).

Fig. 13.  EVM versus input power at 2.65 GHz.

Table 1.   Performance comparison with recent publications.

[1]
3GPP TS 36.807. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) UE (user equipment) radio transmission and reception. http://www.3gpp.org
[2]
Khatri H, Gudem P S, Larson L E, et al. A SAW-less CMOS CDMA receiver with active TX filtering. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose CA, 2009:379 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5280803/
[3]
Stephan S C B, Klumperink E A M, Leenaerts D M W, et al. The Blixer, a wideband balun-LNA-I/Q-mixer topology. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(12):2706 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.2004866
[4]
Zhuo W, Peng S. Systems, methods, and apparatus for frequency conversion. US Patent Pending, Sept. 14, 2006
[5]
Tenbroek B, Strange J, Nalbantis D, et al. Single-chip tri-band WCDMA/HSDPA transceiver without external SAW filters and with integrated TX power control. IEEE ISSCC, 2008:203 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4523127/
[6]
Koller R, Rühlicke T, Pimingsdorfer D, et al. A single-chip 0.13μm CMOS UMTS W-CDMA multi-band transceiver. IEEE RFIC Symp, 2006:187
[7]
Kaczman D, Shah M, Alam M, et al. A single-chip 10-band WCDMA/HSDPA 4-band GSM/EDGE SAW-less CMOS receiver with DigRF 3G interface and +90 dBm ⅡP2. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2009, 44(3):718 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2013762
[8]
Elahi I, Muhammd K. ⅡP2 calibration by injecting DC offset at the mixer in a wireless receiver. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst, 2007, 54(12):1135 doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2007.905376
[9]
Sacchi E, Bietti I, Erbat S, et al. A 15 mW, 70 kHz 1/f corner direct conversion CMOS receiver. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose, CA, 2003:459 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1249440/?arnumber=1249440&pageNumber%3D43003%26rowsPerPage%3D75
[10]
Thomas L. The biquad:part Ⅱ—a multipurpose active filtering system. IEEE Trans Circuits Theory, 1991, 18(3):358 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1083278/?isnumber=23411&arnumber=1083278&count=24&index=4
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    Received: 21 August 2012 Revised: 10 October 2012 Online: Published: 01 March 2013

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      Siyuan He, Changhong Zhang, Liang Tao, Weifeng Zhang, Longyue Zeng, Wei Lü, Haijun Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002 S Y He, C H Zhang, L Tao, W F Zhang, L Y Zeng, W Lü, H J Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. J. Semicond., 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Siyuan He, Changhong Zhang, Liang Tao, Weifeng Zhang, Longyue Zeng, Wei Lü, Haijun Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002

      S Y He, C H Zhang, L Tao, W F Zhang, L Y Zeng, W Lü, H J Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. J. Semicond., 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002
      Funds:

      Project supported by the National High Technology R&D Program of China (No. 2009AA01Z260) and the Guangdong & Hong Kong Cooperation Key Area 2010 Program (No. 2010A090601001)

      the National High Technology R&D Program of China 2009AA01Z260

      the Guangdong & Hong Kong Cooperation Key Area 2010 Program 2010A090601001

      More Information
      • Corresponding author: He Siyuan, Email:hesy@runxinic.com
      • Received Date: 2012-08-21
      • Revised Date: 2012-10-10
      • Published Date: 2013-03-01

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