SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

An X-band 22.5°/45° digital phase shifter based on switched filter networks

Pengpeng Sun1, 2, Hui Liu1, 2, Miao Geng3, Rong Zhang3, Qi Wang1, 2 and Weijun Luo1,

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 Corresponding author: Weijun Luo Email:luoweijun@ime.ac.cn

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Abstract: The design approach and performance of a 22.5°/45°digital phase shifter based on a switched filter network for X-band phased arrays are described. Both the MMIC phase shifters are fabricated employing a 0.25μm gate GaAs pHEMT process and share in the same chip size of 0.82×1.06 mm2. The measurement results of the proposed phase shifters over the whole operating frequency range show that the phase shift error is less than 22.5°±2.5°, 45°±3.5°, which shows an excellent agreement with the simulated performance, the insertion loss is within the range of 0.9-1.2 dB for the 22.5°phase shifter and 0.9-1.4 dB for the 45°phase shifter, and the input/output return loss is better than -12.5 and -11 dB respectively. They also achieve the similar P1dB continuous wave power handing capability of 24.8 dBm at 10 GHz. The phase shifters show a good phase shift error, insertion loss and return loss in the X-band (40%), which can be employed into the wide bandwidth multi-bit digital phase shifter.

Key words: phase shifterswitched filterX-bandGaAs pHEMT



[1]
Edward B J, Helms D R, Webb R S, et al. W-band active transmit and receive phased array antennas. Microwave Systems Conference Proceedings, IEEE NTC, 1995:254 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/G_Sadowy/publication/224620702_An_active_membrane_phased_array_radar/links/5419a8de0cf203f155ae0bf9.pdf?origin=publication_detail
[2]
Chen L, Chen X Y, Zhang Y T, et al. A high linearity X-band SOI CMOS digitally-controlled phase shifter. J Semicond, 2015, 36(6):065004 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/6/065004
[3]
Christopher D W, Derek T D, Steven A L, et al. Space radiation environment testing of liquid crystal phase shifter devices. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag Lett, 2016, 15:1923 doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2015.2511058
[4]
Kiarash G, Naser M, Milad K, et al. A fully integrated 0.18-m CMOS transceiver chip for X-band phased-array systems. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 2015, 60(7):2192 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265672576_A_Fully_Integrated_018-m_CMOS_Transceiver_Chip_for_-Band_Phased-Array_Systems
[5]
Xiao Q. A compact L-band broadband 6-bit MMIC phase shifter with low phase error. Proceedings of the 6th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference, 2011:410 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6102765&
[6]
Tang X Y, Koen M. Design considerations for octave-band phase shifters using discrete components. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 2010, 58(12):3459 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224180844_Design_Considerations_for_Octave-Band_Phase_Shifters_Using_Discrete_Components
[7]
Tsai J H, Kuo Y T, Yu H C. A Ku-band 3-bit phase shifter MMIC using GaAs pHEMT technology for phased array system. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2015, 57(4):771 doi: 10.1002/mop.v57.4
[8]
Tang X Y, Mouthaan K. Loaded-line phase shifter with enlarged phase shift range and bandwidth. IEEE 40th European Microwave Conference, 2010:818 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=5616342&filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A5614756%29
[9]
Zheng S Y, Chan W S, Man K F. Broadband phase shifter using loaded transmission line. IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon Lett, 2010, 20(9):498 doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2010.2050868
[10]
Bahl I J, Dayton M. A Ku-band 4-bit compact octave bandwidth GaAs MMIC phase shifter. Microwave J, 2008, 51(6):30 http://www.microwavejournal.com/articles/6334-a-ku-band-4-bit-compact-octave-bandwidth-gaas-mmic-phase-shifter
[11]
Campbell C F, Brown S A. A compact 5-bit phase shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems. IEEE MTT-S Int, 2000:217 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3121393_Compact_5-bit_phase_shifter_MMIC_for_K-band_satellite_communication_systems
[12]
Hieda M, Miyaguchi K, Ikematsu H, et al. A compact Ku-band 5-bit MMIC phase shifter. IEICE Trans Electron, 2003, E86-C(12):2437 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293241241_A_compact_Ku-band_5-bit_MMIC_phase_shifter
[13]
Hangai M, Hieda M, Yunoue N, et al. S-and C-band ultracompact phase shifters based on all-pass networks. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 2010, 58(1):41 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2009.2036322
[14]
Yang X F, Shi J Y. C-band 6-bit phase shifter for a phase array antenna. J Semicond, 2013, 34(4):045009 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/4/045009
[15]
Tsai J H, Liu C K, Lin J Y. A 12GHz 6-bit switch-type phase shifter MMIC. IEEE 44th European Microwave Conference, 2014:1916 https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/institute-of-electrical-and-electronics-engineers/a-12-ghz-6-bit-switch-type-phase-shifter-mmic-jZakOiTVP2
Fig. 1.  (a) Topology of the switched filter. (b) Phase-shift state. (c) Reference state. 104 × 78 mm2 (300 × 300 DPI2).

Fig. 2.  Chip photograph of 22.5°/45° phase bits. (a) 22.5° phase shifter circuit (0.82 × 1.06 mm2). (b) 45° phase shifter circuit (0.82 × 1.06 mm2). 247 × 141 mm2 (144 × 144 DPI2).

Fig. 3.  Measured and simulated input return loss and insertion loss of the 22.5° phase shifter in both states.

Fig. 4.  Measured and simulated input return loss and insertion loss of the 45° phase shifter in both states.

Fig. 5.  Phase error performance of 22.5° (simulated and measured).

Fig. 6.  Phase error performance of 45° (simulated and measured).

Fig. 7.  Measured power handing of the phase shifter.

Table 1.   The pHEMT size and component values at 10 GHz.

[1]
Edward B J, Helms D R, Webb R S, et al. W-band active transmit and receive phased array antennas. Microwave Systems Conference Proceedings, IEEE NTC, 1995:254 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/G_Sadowy/publication/224620702_An_active_membrane_phased_array_radar/links/5419a8de0cf203f155ae0bf9.pdf?origin=publication_detail
[2]
Chen L, Chen X Y, Zhang Y T, et al. A high linearity X-band SOI CMOS digitally-controlled phase shifter. J Semicond, 2015, 36(6):065004 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/6/065004
[3]
Christopher D W, Derek T D, Steven A L, et al. Space radiation environment testing of liquid crystal phase shifter devices. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag Lett, 2016, 15:1923 doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2015.2511058
[4]
Kiarash G, Naser M, Milad K, et al. A fully integrated 0.18-m CMOS transceiver chip for X-band phased-array systems. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 2015, 60(7):2192 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265672576_A_Fully_Integrated_018-m_CMOS_Transceiver_Chip_for_-Band_Phased-Array_Systems
[5]
Xiao Q. A compact L-band broadband 6-bit MMIC phase shifter with low phase error. Proceedings of the 6th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference, 2011:410 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6102765&
[6]
Tang X Y, Koen M. Design considerations for octave-band phase shifters using discrete components. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 2010, 58(12):3459 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224180844_Design_Considerations_for_Octave-Band_Phase_Shifters_Using_Discrete_Components
[7]
Tsai J H, Kuo Y T, Yu H C. A Ku-band 3-bit phase shifter MMIC using GaAs pHEMT technology for phased array system. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2015, 57(4):771 doi: 10.1002/mop.v57.4
[8]
Tang X Y, Mouthaan K. Loaded-line phase shifter with enlarged phase shift range and bandwidth. IEEE 40th European Microwave Conference, 2010:818 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=5616342&filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A5614756%29
[9]
Zheng S Y, Chan W S, Man K F. Broadband phase shifter using loaded transmission line. IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon Lett, 2010, 20(9):498 doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2010.2050868
[10]
Bahl I J, Dayton M. A Ku-band 4-bit compact octave bandwidth GaAs MMIC phase shifter. Microwave J, 2008, 51(6):30 http://www.microwavejournal.com/articles/6334-a-ku-band-4-bit-compact-octave-bandwidth-gaas-mmic-phase-shifter
[11]
Campbell C F, Brown S A. A compact 5-bit phase shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems. IEEE MTT-S Int, 2000:217 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3121393_Compact_5-bit_phase_shifter_MMIC_for_K-band_satellite_communication_systems
[12]
Hieda M, Miyaguchi K, Ikematsu H, et al. A compact Ku-band 5-bit MMIC phase shifter. IEICE Trans Electron, 2003, E86-C(12):2437 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293241241_A_compact_Ku-band_5-bit_MMIC_phase_shifter
[13]
Hangai M, Hieda M, Yunoue N, et al. S-and C-band ultracompact phase shifters based on all-pass networks. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 2010, 58(1):41 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2009.2036322
[14]
Yang X F, Shi J Y. C-band 6-bit phase shifter for a phase array antenna. J Semicond, 2013, 34(4):045009 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/4/045009
[15]
Tsai J H, Liu C K, Lin J Y. A 12GHz 6-bit switch-type phase shifter MMIC. IEEE 44th European Microwave Conference, 2014:1916 https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/institute-of-electrical-and-electronics-engineers/a-12-ghz-6-bit-switch-type-phase-shifter-mmic-jZakOiTVP2
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    Received: 24 November 2016 Revised: 22 December 2016 Online: Published: 01 June 2017

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      Pengpeng Sun, Hui Liu, Miao Geng, Rong Zhang, Qi Wang, Weijun Luo. An X-band 22.5°/45° digital phase shifter based on switched filter networks[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2017, 38(6): 065001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/6/065001 P P Sun, H Liu, M Geng, R Zhang, Q Wang, W J Luo. An X-band 22.5°/45° digital phase shifter based on switched filter networks[J]. J. Semicond., 2017, 38(6): 065001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/6/065001.Export: BibTex EndNote
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      Pengpeng Sun, Hui Liu, Miao Geng, Rong Zhang, Qi Wang, Weijun Luo. An X-band 22.5°/45° digital phase shifter based on switched filter networks[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2017, 38(6): 065001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/6/065001

      P P Sun, H Liu, M Geng, R Zhang, Q Wang, W J Luo. An X-band 22.5°/45° digital phase shifter based on switched filter networks[J]. J. Semicond., 2017, 38(6): 065001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/6/065001.
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      An X-band 22.5°/45° digital phase shifter based on switched filter networks

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/6/065001
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      • Corresponding author: Weijun Luo Email:luoweijun@ime.ac.cn
      • Received Date: 2016-11-24
      • Revised Date: 2016-12-22
      • Published Date: 2017-06-01

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