SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS

Zinc-doped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition

Abideen A. Ibiyemi1, , Ayodeji O Awodugba2, Olusola Akinrinola2 and Abass A Faremi1

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Abideen A. Ibiyemi, Email: abideen.ibiyemi@fuoye.edu.ng

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Abstract: Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles were grown on pre-cleaned glass substrates using microwave-assisted chemical bath deposition technique. Nanoparticles obtained by this method were smooth, uniform, good adherent, brownish yellow in color where the brightness of the yellow color nature decreases with increasing Zn2+ content. The elemental composition analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles comprise of Cd2+, Zn2+and S2-. Scanning electron microscope images confirmed the surface uniformity of the Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles devoid of any void, pinhole or cracks and covered the substrate well. The particle size also decreases with increasing Zn ion content. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates the hexagonal structure (002) without phase transition. The grain size decreases from 36.45 to 9.60 nm, dislocation density increases from 0.000745 to 0.01085 Line2/m2 and lattice parameter decreased from 6.868 to 6.155 nm with increasing Zn2+ content. The best transmittance of about 95% was achieved for x=1.0. The nanoparticles showed reduction in the absorbance as Zn ion content increased. Four point probe revealed that the electrical resistivity increased from 1.51×1010 to 6.67×1010 Ω ·cm while electrical conductivity decreases from 6.62×10-11 to 1.49×10-11 (Ω ·cm)-1 with increasing Zn2+ content. The other electrical properties such as sheet resistance increased from 1.52×108 to 1.58×108Ω, charge carrier mobility decreased from 0.777 to 0.0105 cm2/(V·s) and charge carrier density increased from 1.06×1012 to 3.95×1012 cm-3.

Key words: Cd1-xZnxSnanoparticlestransmittanceXRDSEMcarrier mobility



[1]
Awodugba A O, Adedokun O. On the physical and optical characteristics of CdS thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition technique. Pac J Sci Technol, 2011, 12(2):334
[2]
Celalettin B M, Orhan N. Band alignment of Cd1-xZnxS produced by spray pyrolysis method. Thin Solid Films, 2010, 518:1925 doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2009.07.142
[3]
Oztas M, Bedir M. Some properties of Cd1-xZnxS and Cd1-xZnxS(In) thin films prepared by pyrolytic spray technique. J Appl Sci, 2005, 4:534
[4]
Dona J M, Herrero J. Chemical bath codeposited CdS-ZnS characterization. Thin Solid Films, 2002, 268:5
[5]
Illican S, Caglar Y, Caglar M. Effect of the substrate temperatures on the optical properties of the Cd0.22Zn0.78S thin films by spray pyrolysis method. Physica Macedonica, 2006, 56:43
[6]
Dzhafarov T D, Ongul F, Karabay I. Formation of CdZnS thin films by Zn diffusion. J Appl Phys, 2006, 39:32
[7]
Ravangave L S, Biradar U V. Study of structural, morphological and electrical properties of CdxZn1-xS thin films. IOSR J Appl Phys, 2013, 3(3):41 doi: 10.9790/4861
[8]
Kumar T P, Sankaranarayanan K. Growth and characterization of CdZnS thin films by short duration microwave assisted chemical bath deposition technique. Chalcogenide Lett, 2009, 6(10):555
[9]
Vidhya Y, Velumani A. Electrical characterization of chemically deposited thin films under magnetic field. Phys Stat Sol, 2009, 167:143
[10]
Patidar D, Saxena N S, Sharma K, et al. Conduction mechanism in CdZnS thin films. Optoelectron Adv Mater Rapid Commun, 2007, 1(7):329
[11]
Mustapha G, Chowdhury M R I, Saha D K, et al. Annealing effects on the properties of chemically deposited CdS thin films at ambient condition. Dhaka Univ J Sci, 2012, 60(2):283 http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/DUJS/article/view/11536
[12]
Al-Tememee N A, Saeed N M, Al-Dujayli S M A, et al. The effect of Zn concentration on the optical properties of Cd1-xZnxS films for solar cells applications. Adv Mater Phys Chem, 2012, 2:69 doi: 10.4236/ampc.2012.22012
[13]
Gorji N E. Deposition and doping of CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells. J Semicond, 2015, 36(5):054001 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/5/054001
[14]
Errai M, El Kaaouachi A, El Idrissi H. Variable range hopping conduction in n-CdSe samples at very low temperature. J Semicond, 2015, 36(12):122001 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/12/122001
[15]
Das S, Mukhopadhyay A K, Datta S, et al. Prospects of microwave processing:an overview. Bull Mater Sci, 2009, 32(1):1 doi: 10.1007/s12034-009-0001-4
Fig. 1.  Elemental composition analysis of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

Fig. 2.  SEM micrograph of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

Fig. 3.  (Color online) Transmittance spectra of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

Fig. 4.  (Color online) Absorption spectra of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

Fig. 5.  Electrical resistivity and electrical conductivity of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

Fig. 6.  Charge carrier mobility and carrier concentration of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

Fig. 7.  (Color online) Crystallite size, dislocation density and micro-strain of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticle.

Fig. 8.  (Color online) Thickness and lattice parameter of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticle.

Fig. 9.  XRD spectra of Cd1-xZnxS nanoparticles.

[1]
Awodugba A O, Adedokun O. On the physical and optical characteristics of CdS thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition technique. Pac J Sci Technol, 2011, 12(2):334
[2]
Celalettin B M, Orhan N. Band alignment of Cd1-xZnxS produced by spray pyrolysis method. Thin Solid Films, 2010, 518:1925 doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2009.07.142
[3]
Oztas M, Bedir M. Some properties of Cd1-xZnxS and Cd1-xZnxS(In) thin films prepared by pyrolytic spray technique. J Appl Sci, 2005, 4:534
[4]
Dona J M, Herrero J. Chemical bath codeposited CdS-ZnS characterization. Thin Solid Films, 2002, 268:5
[5]
Illican S, Caglar Y, Caglar M. Effect of the substrate temperatures on the optical properties of the Cd0.22Zn0.78S thin films by spray pyrolysis method. Physica Macedonica, 2006, 56:43
[6]
Dzhafarov T D, Ongul F, Karabay I. Formation of CdZnS thin films by Zn diffusion. J Appl Phys, 2006, 39:32
[7]
Ravangave L S, Biradar U V. Study of structural, morphological and electrical properties of CdxZn1-xS thin films. IOSR J Appl Phys, 2013, 3(3):41 doi: 10.9790/4861
[8]
Kumar T P, Sankaranarayanan K. Growth and characterization of CdZnS thin films by short duration microwave assisted chemical bath deposition technique. Chalcogenide Lett, 2009, 6(10):555
[9]
Vidhya Y, Velumani A. Electrical characterization of chemically deposited thin films under magnetic field. Phys Stat Sol, 2009, 167:143
[10]
Patidar D, Saxena N S, Sharma K, et al. Conduction mechanism in CdZnS thin films. Optoelectron Adv Mater Rapid Commun, 2007, 1(7):329
[11]
Mustapha G, Chowdhury M R I, Saha D K, et al. Annealing effects on the properties of chemically deposited CdS thin films at ambient condition. Dhaka Univ J Sci, 2012, 60(2):283 http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/DUJS/article/view/11536
[12]
Al-Tememee N A, Saeed N M, Al-Dujayli S M A, et al. The effect of Zn concentration on the optical properties of Cd1-xZnxS films for solar cells applications. Adv Mater Phys Chem, 2012, 2:69 doi: 10.4236/ampc.2012.22012
[13]
Gorji N E. Deposition and doping of CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells. J Semicond, 2015, 36(5):054001 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/5/054001
[14]
Errai M, El Kaaouachi A, El Idrissi H. Variable range hopping conduction in n-CdSe samples at very low temperature. J Semicond, 2015, 36(12):122001 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/12/122001
[15]
Das S, Mukhopadhyay A K, Datta S, et al. Prospects of microwave processing:an overview. Bull Mater Sci, 2009, 32(1):1 doi: 10.1007/s12034-009-0001-4
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    Received: 08 August 2016 Revised: 18 March 2017 Online: Published: 01 September 2017

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      Abideen A. Ibiyemi, Ayodeji O Awodugba, Olusola Akinrinola, Abass A Faremi. Zinc-doped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2017, 38(9): 093002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/9/093002 A A Ibiyemi, A O Awodugba, O Akinrinola, A A Faremi. Zinc-doped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition[J]. J. Semicond., 2017, 38(9): 093002. doi:  10.1088/1674-4926/38/9/093002.Export: BibTex EndNote
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      Abideen A. Ibiyemi, Ayodeji O Awodugba, Olusola Akinrinola, Abass A Faremi. Zinc-doped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2017, 38(9): 093002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/9/093002

      A A Ibiyemi, A O Awodugba, O Akinrinola, A A Faremi. Zinc-doped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition[J]. J. Semicond., 2017, 38(9): 093002. doi:  10.1088/1674-4926/38/9/093002.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      Zinc-doped CdS nanoparticles synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/9/093002
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      • Corresponding author: Abideen A. Ibiyemi, Email: abideen.ibiyemi@fuoye.edu.ng
      • Received Date: 2016-08-08
      • Revised Date: 2017-03-18
      • Published Date: 2017-09-01

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