SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY

Researching the silicon direct wafer bonding with interfacial SiO2 layer

Xiaoqing Wang, Yude Yu and Jin Ning

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 Corresponding author: Corresponding author. Email: yudeyu@semi.ac.cn

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Abstract: A silicon wafer direct bonding with a thin SiO2 layer at the interface was investigated. An atomic force microscope (AFM) was employed to characterize the surface roughness and a shearing test was carried out to evaluate the bonding strength. Experiments were performed to analyze the relations of surface roughness and bonding strength with the thickness of SiO2 which was grown by thermal oxidation and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) respectively. The bonding strength can reach up to 18 MPa for thermal oxidation and 8 MPa for PECVD after a 2-h 400 ℃ annealing. Results indicate that the bonding strength is negatively correlated to the thickness of SiO2 at the interface, which is important in designing the MEMS-based devices and other devices built with wafer direct bonding.

Key words: wafer direct bondingsurface roughnessbonding strength



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Fig. 1.  Direct wafer bonding with a SiO$_{2}$ layer at the interface.

Fig. 2.  Shearing test for bonded wafers.

Fig. 3.  (Color online) Three-dimensional (3D) AFM images of wafers covered with SiO$_{2}$. (a) 70 nm thermal oxide ($R_{\rm q}$ $=$ 0.196) (b) 70 nm PECVD oxide ($R_{\rm q}$ $=$ 0.445).

Fig. 4.  Surface roughness of thermal SiO$_{2}$ grown at 1000 $℃$ and PECVD SiO$_{2}$ deposited at 300 $℃$ as a function of SiO$_{2}$ thickness.

Fig. 5.  Image of the bonded wafer diced into 5 × 5 mm$^{2}$ pieces.

Fig. 6.  Specimen for the shearing test

Table 1.   Bonding strength as a function of the SiO$_{2}$ thickness by PECVD and thermal oxidation.

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    Received: 13 August 2015 Revised: Online: Published: 01 May 2016

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      Xiaoqing Wang, Yude Yu, Jin Ning. Researching the silicon direct wafer bonding with interfacial SiO2 layer[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(5): 056001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/5/056001 X Q Wang, Y D Yu, J Ning. Researching the silicon direct wafer bonding with interfacial SiO2 layer[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(5): 056001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/5/056001.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Xiaoqing Wang, Yude Yu, Jin Ning. Researching the silicon direct wafer bonding with interfacial SiO2 layer[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(5): 056001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/5/056001

      X Q Wang, Y D Yu, J Ning. Researching the silicon direct wafer bonding with interfacial SiO2 layer[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(5): 056001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/5/056001.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      Researching the silicon direct wafer bonding with interfacial SiO2 layer

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/5/056001
      Funds:

      Project supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61334008) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61376072).

      More Information
      • Corresponding author: Corresponding author. Email: yudeyu@semi.ac.cn
      • Received Date: 2015-08-13
      • Accepted Date: 2015-09-16
      • Published Date: 2016-01-25

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