SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator

Weilin Xu, Di Wu, Xueming Wei, Baolin Wei, Jihai Duan and Fadi Gui

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 Corresponding author: Xu Weilin,xwl@guet.edu.cn

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Abstract: A three-stage differential voltage-controlled ring oscillator is presented for wide-tuning and low-phase noise requirement of clock and data recovery circuit in ultra wideband (UWB) wireless body area network. To improve the performance of phase noise of delay cell with coarse and fine frequency tuning, injection locked technology together with pseudo differential architecture are adopted. In addition, a multiloop is employed for frequency boosting. Two RVCOs, the standard RVCO without the IL block and the proposed IL RVCO, were fabricated in SMIC 0.18 μm 1P6M Salicide CMOS process. The proposed IL RVCO exhibits a measured phase noise of -112.37 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the center frequency of 1 GHz, while dissipating a current of 8 mA excluding the buffer from a 1.8-V supply voltage. It shows a 16.07 dB phase noise improvement at 1 MHz offset compared to the standard topology.

Key words: ring VCOinjection-lockedmultiloopfrequency tuning



[1]
Liu Haiqi. A low-noise multi-GHz CMOS multiloop ring oscillator with coarse and fine frequency tuning. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst, 2009, 17(4): 571 doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2008.2011206
[2]
Jalil J, Reaz M B I, Ali M A M. CMOS differential ring oscillators: review of the performance of CMOS ROs in communication systems. Microw Mag IEEE, 2013, 14(5): 97 doi: 10.1109/MMM.2013.2259401
[3]
Xu Yalan, Jiang Jinguang, Liu Jianghua. Wide band low phase noise QVCO based on superharmonic injection locking. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(1): 015002 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/1/015002
[4]
Qin Peng, Li Jinbo, Kang Jian, et al. Low noise frequency synthesizer with self-calibrated voltage controlled oscillator and accurate AFC algorithm. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(9): 095007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/9/095007
[5]
Peng Bohua, Luo Wei, Zhao Jicong, et al. Frequency stability of an RF oscillator with an MEMS-based encapsulated resonator. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(7): 074010 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/7/074010
[6]
Musa A, Okada K, Matsuzawa A. Progressive mixing technique to widen the locking range of high division-ratio injection-locked frequency dividers. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 61(3): 1161 http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=2058723768&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
[7]
Riddle A. A long, winding road. IEEE Microwave Mag, 2010, 11(6): 70 doi: 10.1109/MMM.2010.937734
[8]
Kobayashi Y, Amakawa S, Ishihara N, et al. A low-phase-noise injection-locked differential ring-VCO with half-integral subharmonic locking in 0.18μ m CMOS. IEEE European Solid-State Conference, 2014: 440
[9]
Lee S Y, Ito H, Amakawa S. 1.2-17.6 GHz ring-oscillator-based phase-locked loop with injection locking in 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2012, 51: 02BE03 doi: 10.7567/JJAP.51.02BE03
[10]
Lo Y T, Kiang J F. Comparison of injection-locked and coupled oscillator arrays for beamforming. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 63(4): 1353 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2403847
[11]
Kim M, Choi S, Seong T, et al. A low-jitter and fractional-resolution injection-locked clock multiplier using a DLL-based real-time PVT calibrator with replica-delay cells. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2016, 51(2): 401 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2015.2496781
Fig. 1.  IL RVCO topology

Fig. 2.  Proposed RVCO delay cell.

Fig. 3.  Concept of injection effect in time domain

Fig. 4.  Photograph of standard RVCO and the proposed IL RVCO

Fig. 5.  Jpp comparison of standard RVCO (up) and IL RVCO(down)

Fig. 6.  Phase noise of standard RVCO in 1 GHz

Fig. 7.  Phase noise of IL RVCO in 1 GHz

Table 1.   Performance comparison of RVCOs

[1]
Liu Haiqi. A low-noise multi-GHz CMOS multiloop ring oscillator with coarse and fine frequency tuning. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst, 2009, 17(4): 571 doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2008.2011206
[2]
Jalil J, Reaz M B I, Ali M A M. CMOS differential ring oscillators: review of the performance of CMOS ROs in communication systems. Microw Mag IEEE, 2013, 14(5): 97 doi: 10.1109/MMM.2013.2259401
[3]
Xu Yalan, Jiang Jinguang, Liu Jianghua. Wide band low phase noise QVCO based on superharmonic injection locking. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(1): 015002 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/1/015002
[4]
Qin Peng, Li Jinbo, Kang Jian, et al. Low noise frequency synthesizer with self-calibrated voltage controlled oscillator and accurate AFC algorithm. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(9): 095007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/9/095007
[5]
Peng Bohua, Luo Wei, Zhao Jicong, et al. Frequency stability of an RF oscillator with an MEMS-based encapsulated resonator. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(7): 074010 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/36/7/074010
[6]
Musa A, Okada K, Matsuzawa A. Progressive mixing technique to widen the locking range of high division-ratio injection-locked frequency dividers. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 61(3): 1161 http://cn.bing.com/academic/profile?id=2058723768&encoded=0&v=paper_preview&mkt=zh-cn
[7]
Riddle A. A long, winding road. IEEE Microwave Mag, 2010, 11(6): 70 doi: 10.1109/MMM.2010.937734
[8]
Kobayashi Y, Amakawa S, Ishihara N, et al. A low-phase-noise injection-locked differential ring-VCO with half-integral subharmonic locking in 0.18μ m CMOS. IEEE European Solid-State Conference, 2014: 440
[9]
Lee S Y, Ito H, Amakawa S. 1.2-17.6 GHz ring-oscillator-based phase-locked loop with injection locking in 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2012, 51: 02BE03 doi: 10.7567/JJAP.51.02BE03
[10]
Lo Y T, Kiang J F. Comparison of injection-locked and coupled oscillator arrays for beamforming. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2015, 63(4): 1353 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2403847
[11]
Kim M, Choi S, Seong T, et al. A low-jitter and fractional-resolution injection-locked clock multiplier using a DLL-based real-time PVT calibrator with replica-delay cells. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2016, 51(2): 401 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2015.2496781
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    Received: 25 January 2016 Revised: 01 April 2016 Online: Published: 01 September 2016

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      Weilin Xu, Di Wu, Xueming Wei, Baolin Wei, Jihai Duan, Fadi Gui. Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(9): 095004. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/9/095004 W L Xu, D Wu, X M Wei, B L Wei, J H Duan, F D Gui. Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(9): 095004. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/9/095004.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Weilin Xu, Di Wu, Xueming Wei, Baolin Wei, Jihai Duan, Fadi Gui. Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(9): 095004. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/9/095004

      W L Xu, D Wu, X M Wei, B L Wei, J H Duan, F D Gui. Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(9): 095004. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/9/095004.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      Low-noise sub-harmonic injection locked multiloop ring oscillator

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/9/095004
      Funds:

      Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61264001), the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (Nos.2013GXNSFAA019333, 2015GXNSFAA139301, 2014GXNSFAA118386), the Graduate Education Innovation Program of GUET (No.GDYCSZ201457), the Project of Guangxi Education Department (No. LD14066B) and the High-Level-Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholar Project of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes.

      Project of Guangxi Education Department LD14066B

      National Natural Science Foundation of China 61264001

      High-Level-Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholar Project of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes 

      Guangxi Natural Science Foundation 2014GXNSFAA118386

      Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Nos.2013GXNSFAA019333

      Graduate Education Innovation Program of GUET GDYCSZ201457

      Guangxi Natural Science Foundation 2015GXNSFAA139301

      More Information
      • Corresponding author: Xu Weilin,xwl@guet.edu.cn
      • Received Date: 2016-01-25
      • Revised Date: 2016-04-01
      • Published Date: 2016-09-01

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