SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Driving circuit with high accuracy and large driving capability for high voltage buck regulators

Yajun Li1, , Xinquan Lai1, Qiang Ye2, and Bing Yuan2

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Li Yajun, Email:yajunli@stu.xidian.edu.cn; Ye Qiang, Email:qye@mail.xidian.edu.cn

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Abstract: This paper presents a novel driving circuit for the high-side switch of high voltage buck regulators. A 40 V P-channel lateral double-diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor device whose drain-source and drain-gate can resist high voltage, but whose source-gate must be less than 5 V, is used as the high-side switch. The proposed driving circuit provides a stable and accurate 5 V driving voltage for protecting the high-side switch from breakdown and achieving low on-resistance and simple loop stability design. Furthermore, the driving circuit with excellent driving capability decreases the switching loss and dead time is also developed to reduce the shoot-through current loss. Therefore, power efficiency is greatly improved. An asynchronous buck regulator with the proposed technique has been successfully fabricated by a 0.35 μm CDMOS technology. From the results, compared with the accuracy of 16.38% of the driving voltage in conventional design, a high accuracy of 1.38% is achieved in this work. Moreover, power efficiency is up to 95% at 12 V input and 5 V output.

Key words: high voltagebuck regulatorPLDMOSdriving circuitdead time



[1]
Li Y, Lai X, Ye Q, et al. Novel short-circuit protection technique for DC-DC buck converters. IET Circuits, Devices & Systems, 2014, 8(2):90 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6766062
[2]
Lai Xinquan, Zeng Huali, Ye Qiang, et al. Design of high efficiency dual-mode buck DC-DC converter. Journal of Semiconductors, 2010, 31(11):115005 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/31/11/115005
[3]
Yuan B, Lai X, Wang H, et al. High-efficient hybrid buck converter with switch-on-demand modulation and switch size control for wide-load low-ripple applications. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2013, 61(9):3329 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2013.2271757
[4]
Lai Xinquan, Li Zuhe, Yuan Bing, et al. Control of chaos in double-loop current-mode DC/DC based on adaptive slope compensation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(4):2256 http://www.oalib.com/paper/1541344
[5]
Zhang Chunhong, Yang Haigang, Shi Richard. A wide load range, multi-mode synchronous buck DC-DC converter with a dynamic mode controller and adaptive slope compensation. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(6):065003 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/6/065003
[6]
Wu Xiaobo, Liu Qing, Zhao Menglian, et al. Monolithic quasi-sliding-mode controller for SIDO buck converter with a self-adaptive free-wheeling current level. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(1):015007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/1/015007
[7]
Wang H, Hu X, Liu Q, et al. An on-chip high-speed current sensor applied in the current-mode DC-DC converter. IEEE Trans Power Electron, 2014, 29(9):4479 doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2014.2302318
[8]
Wang H, Ma Y, Cheng J. Soft-start method with small capacitor charged by pulse current and gain-degeneration error amplifier for on-chip DC-DC power converters. IEEE Trans VLSI Syst, 2013, 21(8):1447 doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2012.2211388
[9]
Li Yanming, Lai Xinquan, Ye Qiang, et al. A current-mode buck DC-DC controller with adaptive on-time control. Journal of Semiconductors, 2009, 30(2):025007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025007
[10]
Li Y, Mao X, Wang H, et al. An improved hiccup mode short-circuit protection technique with effective overshoot suppression for DC-DC converters. IEEE Trans Power Electron, 2013, 28(2):877 doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2203611
[11]
Zhang Shifeng, Ding Koubao, Han Yan, et al. Off-state avalanche breakdown induced degradation in 20 V NLDMOS devices. Journal of Semiconductors, 2010, 31(9):094006 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/31/9/094006
[12]
Han Yan, Zhang Bin, Ding Koubao, et al. Hot-carrier-induced on-resistance degradation of step gate oxide NLDMOS. Journal of Semiconductors, 2010, 31(12):124006 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/31/12/124006
[13]
Zhang S, Han Y, Ding K, et al. Off-state avalanche-breakdown-induced on-resistance degradation in SGO-NLDMOS. Solid-State Electron, 2013, 81:27 doi: 10.1016/j.sse.2012.12.012
[14]
Lai Xinquan, Ye Qiang, Li Yajun, et al. Anti-ringing circuit applied to high-voltage boosting type DC-DC converter. Chinese Patent, No. ZL201110442833. X, 2011
[15]
Lai Xinquan, Tang Qiyuan, Li Yanming, et al. Driving circuit for charge management chip with external high-voltage N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor. Chinese Patent, No. ZL201310277673. 7, 2013
[16]
Li Yajun, Lai Xinquan, Ye Qiang, et al. High efficiency and low electromagnetic interference boost DC-DC converter. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(4):045002 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/4/045002
[17]
Ye Qiang, Liu Jie, Yuan Bing, et al. On-chip frequency compensation with a dual signal path operational transconductance amplifier for a voltage mode control DC/DC converter. Journal of Semiconductors, 2012, 33(4):045006 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/33/4/045006
[18]
Lai Xinquan, Li Xinlin, Ye Qiang, et al. A constant-gm and high-slew-rate operational amplifier for an LCD driver. Journal of Semiconductors, 2009, 30(12):125002 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/12/125002
[19]
Yuan B, Lai X, Ye Q, et al. A novel compact soft-start circuit with internal circuitry for DC-DC converters. International Conference on ASIC, 2007:450 http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.ieee-000004415664
[20]
Yuan B, Lai X, Ye Q, et al. Ramp-based soft-start circuit with soft-recovery for DC-DC buck converters. IEEE International Conference of Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits, 2013:1 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6628196/
[21]
Li Y, Wen C, Yuan B, et al. A high speed and power-efficient level shifter for high voltage buck converter drivers. IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, 2010:309 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/icp.jsp?arnumber=5667742
[22]
Eutech Microelectronics. CC/CV Mode Step-Down Converter. [Online] Available: http://www.eutechmicro.com/d.php?cn=products&d=upload/2014/07/20140709180320.pdf
Fig. 1.  Schematic of the conventional PLDMOS driving circuit

Fig. 2.  Simulation results of the driving voltage $V_{\rm DV}$.

Fig. 3.  Architecture of a buck regulator with the proposed PLDMOS driving scheme

Fig. 4.  Schematic of the proposed PLDMOS driving circuit

Fig. 5.  Linearized model of the proposed driving voltage generator

Fig. 6.  Bode diagrams of the feedback loop.

Fig. 7.  Simulation results of the feedback loop

Fig. 8.  Simulation results of the driving voltage $V_{\rm DV}$.

Fig. 9.  Simulation results of the level shifter

Fig. 10.  Simulation results of the proposed buffer.

Fig. 11.  Linearized model of the proposed buck regulator.

Fig. 12.  Simulation results of the voltage loop.

Fig. 13.  Micrograph of the proposed buck regulator.

Fig. 14.  Experimental results.

Fig. 15.  Experimental results of load transient response.

Fig. 16.  Measured efficiency.

Table 1.   Operating voltages of some HV processes

Table 2.   Performance comparison summary of the chips

[1]
Li Y, Lai X, Ye Q, et al. Novel short-circuit protection technique for DC-DC buck converters. IET Circuits, Devices & Systems, 2014, 8(2):90 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6766062
[2]
Lai Xinquan, Zeng Huali, Ye Qiang, et al. Design of high efficiency dual-mode buck DC-DC converter. Journal of Semiconductors, 2010, 31(11):115005 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/31/11/115005
[3]
Yuan B, Lai X, Wang H, et al. High-efficient hybrid buck converter with switch-on-demand modulation and switch size control for wide-load low-ripple applications. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2013, 61(9):3329 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2013.2271757
[4]
Lai Xinquan, Li Zuhe, Yuan Bing, et al. Control of chaos in double-loop current-mode DC/DC based on adaptive slope compensation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(4):2256 http://www.oalib.com/paper/1541344
[5]
Zhang Chunhong, Yang Haigang, Shi Richard. A wide load range, multi-mode synchronous buck DC-DC converter with a dynamic mode controller and adaptive slope compensation. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(6):065003 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/6/065003
[6]
Wu Xiaobo, Liu Qing, Zhao Menglian, et al. Monolithic quasi-sliding-mode controller for SIDO buck converter with a self-adaptive free-wheeling current level. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(1):015007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/1/015007
[7]
Wang H, Hu X, Liu Q, et al. An on-chip high-speed current sensor applied in the current-mode DC-DC converter. IEEE Trans Power Electron, 2014, 29(9):4479 doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2014.2302318
[8]
Wang H, Ma Y, Cheng J. Soft-start method with small capacitor charged by pulse current and gain-degeneration error amplifier for on-chip DC-DC power converters. IEEE Trans VLSI Syst, 2013, 21(8):1447 doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2012.2211388
[9]
Li Yanming, Lai Xinquan, Ye Qiang, et al. A current-mode buck DC-DC controller with adaptive on-time control. Journal of Semiconductors, 2009, 30(2):025007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/2/025007
[10]
Li Y, Mao X, Wang H, et al. An improved hiccup mode short-circuit protection technique with effective overshoot suppression for DC-DC converters. IEEE Trans Power Electron, 2013, 28(2):877 doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2203611
[11]
Zhang Shifeng, Ding Koubao, Han Yan, et al. Off-state avalanche breakdown induced degradation in 20 V NLDMOS devices. Journal of Semiconductors, 2010, 31(9):094006 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/31/9/094006
[12]
Han Yan, Zhang Bin, Ding Koubao, et al. Hot-carrier-induced on-resistance degradation of step gate oxide NLDMOS. Journal of Semiconductors, 2010, 31(12):124006 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/31/12/124006
[13]
Zhang S, Han Y, Ding K, et al. Off-state avalanche-breakdown-induced on-resistance degradation in SGO-NLDMOS. Solid-State Electron, 2013, 81:27 doi: 10.1016/j.sse.2012.12.012
[14]
Lai Xinquan, Ye Qiang, Li Yajun, et al. Anti-ringing circuit applied to high-voltage boosting type DC-DC converter. Chinese Patent, No. ZL201110442833. X, 2011
[15]
Lai Xinquan, Tang Qiyuan, Li Yanming, et al. Driving circuit for charge management chip with external high-voltage N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor. Chinese Patent, No. ZL201310277673. 7, 2013
[16]
Li Yajun, Lai Xinquan, Ye Qiang, et al. High efficiency and low electromagnetic interference boost DC-DC converter. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(4):045002 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/4/045002
[17]
Ye Qiang, Liu Jie, Yuan Bing, et al. On-chip frequency compensation with a dual signal path operational transconductance amplifier for a voltage mode control DC/DC converter. Journal of Semiconductors, 2012, 33(4):045006 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/33/4/045006
[18]
Lai Xinquan, Li Xinlin, Ye Qiang, et al. A constant-gm and high-slew-rate operational amplifier for an LCD driver. Journal of Semiconductors, 2009, 30(12):125002 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/30/12/125002
[19]
Yuan B, Lai X, Ye Q, et al. A novel compact soft-start circuit with internal circuitry for DC-DC converters. International Conference on ASIC, 2007:450 http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.ieee-000004415664
[20]
Yuan B, Lai X, Ye Q, et al. Ramp-based soft-start circuit with soft-recovery for DC-DC buck converters. IEEE International Conference of Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits, 2013:1 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6628196/
[21]
Li Y, Wen C, Yuan B, et al. A high speed and power-efficient level shifter for high voltage buck converter drivers. IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, 2010:309 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/icp.jsp?arnumber=5667742
[22]
Eutech Microelectronics. CC/CV Mode Step-Down Converter. [Online] Available: http://www.eutechmicro.com/d.php?cn=products&d=upload/2014/07/20140709180320.pdf
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    Received: 19 August 2014 Revised: 13 October 2014 Online: Published: 01 December 2014

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      Yajun Li, Xinquan Lai, Qiang Ye, Bing Yuan. Driving circuit with high accuracy and large driving capability for high voltage buck regulators[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(12): 125009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/12/125009 Y J Li, X Q Lai, Q Ye, B Yuan. Driving circuit with high accuracy and large driving capability for high voltage buck regulators[J]. J. Semicond., 2014, 35(12): 125009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/12/125009.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Yajun Li, Xinquan Lai, Qiang Ye, Bing Yuan. Driving circuit with high accuracy and large driving capability for high voltage buck regulators[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(12): 125009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/12/125009

      Y J Li, X Q Lai, Q Ye, B Yuan. Driving circuit with high accuracy and large driving capability for high voltage buck regulators[J]. J. Semicond., 2014, 35(12): 125009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/12/125009.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      Driving circuit with high accuracy and large driving capability for high voltage buck regulators

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/12/125009
      Funds:

      the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China K50511020028

      the National Natural Science Foundation of China 61106026

      Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61106026) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. K50511020028)

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