SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

An ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure monitoring system

Demeng Liu1, 2, Niansong Mei1, 2 and Zhaofeng Zhang1, 2,

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Zhang Zhaofeng, Email:zhangzf@sari.ac.cn

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Abstract: This paper describes an ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring system that is dedicated to sensing and transferring intraocular pressure of glaucoma patients. Our system is comprised of a capacitive pressure sensor, an application-specific integrated circuit, which is designed on the SMIC 180 nm process, and a dipole antenna. The system is wirelessly powered and demonstrates a power consumption of 7.56 μW at 1.24 V during continuous monitoring, a significant reduction in active power dissipation compared to existing work. The input RF sensitivity is -13 dBm. A significant reduction in input RF sensitivity results from the reduction of mismatch time of the ASK modulation caused by FM0 encoding. The system exhibits an average error of ±1.5 mmHg in measured pressure. Finally, a complete IOP system is demonstrated in the real biological environment, showing a successful reading of the pressure of an eye.

Key words: IOPimplanted medicalpressure measurementRF poweringultralow power ASIC



[1]
Quigley H, Broman A. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2006, 90(3):262 doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.081224
[2]
Katuri K C, Asrani S, Ramasubramanian M K. Intraocular pressure monitoring sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2008, 8(1):12
[3]
Shih Y C, Shen T, Otis B. A 2.3μW wireless intraocular pressure/temperature monitor. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2011, 46(11):1 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2011.2172727
[4]
Chen G, Ghaed H, Haque R, et al. A cubic-millimeter energy-autonomous wireless intraocular pressure monitor. IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC), San Francisco, USA, 2011:310
[5]
Chow E Y, Chlebowski A L, Irazoqui P P. A miniature-implantable RF-wireless active glaucoma intraocular pressure monitor. IEEE Trans Biomedical Circuits Syst, 2010, 4(6):340 doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2010.2081364
[6]
Chen P J, Saati S, Varma R, et al. Wireless intraocular pressure sensing using microfabricated minimally invasive flexible-coiled LC sensor implant. J Microelectromechan Syst, 2010, 19(4):721 doi: 10.1109/JMEMS.2010.2049825
[7]
Leonardi M, Pitchon E M, Bertsch A, et al. Wireless contact lens sensor for intraocular pressure monitoring:assessment on enucleated pig eyes. Acta Ophthalmologica, 2009, 87(4):433 doi: 10.1111/aos.2009.87.issue-4
[8]
Liu Demeng, Wu Miao, Mei Niansong, et al. Development and outlook of wireless implantable continuously intraocular pressure detection microsystem. Micronanoelectron Technol, 2013, 50(1):57
[9]
Capacitive Pressure Sensor E1. 3N, M. Bremen, Editor 2008: Bremen
[10]
Kim S, Scholz O. Implantable active telemetry system using microcoils. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2005, 7:7147
[11]
Stangel K, Kolnsberg S, Hammerschmidt D, et al. A programmable intraocular CMOS pressure sensor system implant. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2001, 36(7):1094 doi: 10.1109/4.933466
[12]
Gemio J, Parron J, Soler J. Human body effects on implantable antennas for ISM bands applications:models comparison and propagation losses study. Progress in Electromagnetics Research, 2010, 110:437 doi: 10.2528/PIER10102604
[13]
Poon A S Y, O'Driscoll S, Meng T H. Optimal operating frequency in wireless power transmission for implantable devices. 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007:5673
Fig. 1.  System design

Fig. 2.  Structure of (a) the antenna, (b) the simulation result of gain and (c) $S_{11}$ parameter

Fig. 3.  The schematic of rectifier

Fig. 4.  The capacitance-to-frequency converter

Fig. 5.  Timing diagram of the digital conversion

Fig. 6.  ASIC microphotograph

Fig. 7.  RF powering IC power conversion efficiency (PCE)

Fig. 8.  Pressure measurement

Fig. 9.  The tested IOP signal

Table 1.   Power dissipation of main modules

Table 2.   IOP monitoring system comparison

[1]
Quigley H, Broman A. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2006, 90(3):262 doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.081224
[2]
Katuri K C, Asrani S, Ramasubramanian M K. Intraocular pressure monitoring sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2008, 8(1):12
[3]
Shih Y C, Shen T, Otis B. A 2.3μW wireless intraocular pressure/temperature monitor. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2011, 46(11):1 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2011.2172727
[4]
Chen G, Ghaed H, Haque R, et al. A cubic-millimeter energy-autonomous wireless intraocular pressure monitor. IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC), San Francisco, USA, 2011:310
[5]
Chow E Y, Chlebowski A L, Irazoqui P P. A miniature-implantable RF-wireless active glaucoma intraocular pressure monitor. IEEE Trans Biomedical Circuits Syst, 2010, 4(6):340 doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2010.2081364
[6]
Chen P J, Saati S, Varma R, et al. Wireless intraocular pressure sensing using microfabricated minimally invasive flexible-coiled LC sensor implant. J Microelectromechan Syst, 2010, 19(4):721 doi: 10.1109/JMEMS.2010.2049825
[7]
Leonardi M, Pitchon E M, Bertsch A, et al. Wireless contact lens sensor for intraocular pressure monitoring:assessment on enucleated pig eyes. Acta Ophthalmologica, 2009, 87(4):433 doi: 10.1111/aos.2009.87.issue-4
[8]
Liu Demeng, Wu Miao, Mei Niansong, et al. Development and outlook of wireless implantable continuously intraocular pressure detection microsystem. Micronanoelectron Technol, 2013, 50(1):57
[9]
Capacitive Pressure Sensor E1. 3N, M. Bremen, Editor 2008: Bremen
[10]
Kim S, Scholz O. Implantable active telemetry system using microcoils. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2005, 7:7147
[11]
Stangel K, Kolnsberg S, Hammerschmidt D, et al. A programmable intraocular CMOS pressure sensor system implant. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2001, 36(7):1094 doi: 10.1109/4.933466
[12]
Gemio J, Parron J, Soler J. Human body effects on implantable antennas for ISM bands applications:models comparison and propagation losses study. Progress in Electromagnetics Research, 2010, 110:437 doi: 10.2528/PIER10102604
[13]
Poon A S Y, O'Driscoll S, Meng T H. Optimal operating frequency in wireless power transmission for implantable devices. 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007:5673
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    Received: 05 March 2014 Revised: 23 April 2014 Online: Published: 01 October 2014

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      Demeng Liu, Niansong Mei, Zhaofeng Zhang. An ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure monitoring system[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(10): 105014. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/105014 D M Liu, N S Mei, Z F Zhang. An ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure monitoring system[J]. J. Semicond., 2014, 35(10): 105014. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/105014.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Demeng Liu, Niansong Mei, Zhaofeng Zhang. An ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure monitoring system[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2014, 35(10): 105014. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/105014

      D M Liu, N S Mei, Z F Zhang. An ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure monitoring system[J]. J. Semicond., 2014, 35(10): 105014. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/105014.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      An ultralow power wireless intraocular pressure monitoring system

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/105014
      Funds:

      Project supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 12DZ1500900)

      the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality 12DZ1500900

      More Information
      • Corresponding author: Zhang Zhaofeng, Email:zhangzf@sari.ac.cn
      • Received Date: 2014-03-05
      • Revised Date: 2014-04-23
      • Published Date: 2014-10-01

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