SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on low-density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT

Chong Wang, Xiaoxiao Wei, Yunlong He, Xuefeng Zheng, Xiaohua Ma, Jincheng Zhang and Yue Hao

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 Corresponding author: Chong Wang, Email: wangchong197810@hotmail.com

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Abstract: Low-density drain high-electron mobility transistors (LDD-HEMTs) with different F- plasma treatment were investigated by simulations and experiments. The LDD region was performed by introducing negatively charged fluorine ions, which modified the surface field distribution on the drain side of the HEMT, and the enhancement of breakdown voltage were achieved. With the increased fluorine plasma treatment power and LDD region length, the breakdown voltage can be maximumly improved by 70%, and no severe reductions on output current and transconductance were observed. To confirm the temperature stability of the devices, annealing experiments were carried out at 400℃ for 2 min in ambient N2. Moreover, the gate leakage current and breakdown voltage before and after annealing were compared and analyzed, respectively.

Key words: AlGaN/GaNHEMTLDDfluorine plasma treatment



[1]
Chen K J, Yuan L, Wang M J, et al. Physics of fluorine plasma ion implantation for GaN normally-off HEMT technology. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2011, 19:465
[2]
Tian B L, Chen C, Zhang J H, et al. AlGaN/GaN MISHEMTs with sodium-beta-alumina as the gate dielectrics. Chin Phys Lett, 2013, 30:026101
[3]
Zhang S, Li M C, Feng Z H, et al. High electron mobility and low sheet resistance in lattice-matched AlInN/AlN/GaN/AlN/GaN double-channel heterostructure. Appl Phys Lett, 2009, 95:212101
[4]
Wang X D, Hu W D, Chen X S, et al. The study of self-heating and hot-electron effects for AlGaN/GaN double-channel HEMTs. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2012, 59:1393
[5]
Guo N, Hu W D, Chen X S, et al. Enhanced plasmonic resonant excitation in a grating gated field-effect transistor with supplemental gates. Opt Express, 2013, 21:1606
[6]
Shi Lei, Feng Shiwei, Liu Kun, et al. Mechanism of the self-changing parameters and characteristics in AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors after a step voltage stress. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(7):074005
[7]
Yang Junwei, Feng Shiwei, Shi Dong, et al. Thermal time-constant spectrum extraction method in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(8):084003
[8]
Dong Z H, Wang J Y, Wen C P, et al. High breakdown AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMT with thermal oxidized Ni/Ti as gate insulator. Solid-State Electron, 2010, 54:1339
[9]
Mao W, Yang C, Hao Y, et al. The effect of a HfO2 insulator on the improvement of breakdown voltage in field-plated GaN-based HEMT. Chin Phys B, 2011, 20:097203
[10]
Wang M J, Chen K J. Improvement of the off-state breakdown voltage with fluorine ion implantation in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2011, 58:460
[11]
Duan B X, Yang Y T. Breakdown voltage analysis of Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN high electron mobility transistors with partial silicon doping in the AlGaN layer. Chin Phys B, 2012, 21:057201
[12]
Kim Y S, Lim J Y, Kim M K, et al. High breakdown voltage AlGaN/GaN HEMT by employing selective fluoride plasma treatment. Phys Status Solidi C, 2011, 8:453
[13]
Song D, Liu J, Cheng Z Q, et al. Normally Off AlGaN/GaN Low-Density Drain HEMT (LDD-HEMT) with enhanced breakdown voltage and reduced current collapse. IEEE Electron Device Lett, 2007, 28:189
[14]
Wang R, Cai Y, Chen K J, et al. Temperature dependence and thermal stability of Planar-Integrated enhancement/depletion-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs and digital circuits. Solid-State Electron, 2009, 53:1
[15]
Hayafuji N, Yamamoto Y, Ishida T, et al. Degradation mechanism of the AlInAs/GaInAs high electron mobility transistor due to fluorine incorporation. Appl Phys Lett, 1996, 69:4075
[16]
Wang C, Quan S, Ma X H, et al. High temperature annealing of enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors. Acta Phys Sin, 2010, 59:7333
[17]
Karmalkar S, Shur M S, Simin G, et al. Field-plate engineering for HFETs. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2005, 52:2534
[18]
Cai Y, Zhou Y G, Lau K M, et al. Control of threshold voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs by fluoride-based plasma treatment:from depletion mode to enhancement mode. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2006, 53:2207
[19]
Wang C, He Y L, Ding N, et al. Investigation of simulation and experimentation for low density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT. Chin Phys Lett, 2014, 31:038501
[20]
Cho K H, Choi Y H, Lim J, et al. Channel modulated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs employing fluoride plasma treatment. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2008:2172
[21]
Jia S, Cai Y, Wang D, et al. Enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on silicon substrate. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2006, 53:1474
Fig. 1.  (Color online) (a) Schematic plot and (b) microscopic image of the studied LDD-HEMTs. (c) Region distributions of HEMTs with different F- plasma treatment process in one wafer.

Fig. 2.  (Color online) Electric field distribution along the channel direction of LDD-HEMT with (a) different F- ions implantation dose and (b) different F- ions implantation length.

Fig. 3.  (Color online) (a) Transfer characteristics of HEMT and (b) transconductance of HEMT with different F- plasma treatment power (50/100/150 W).

Fig. 4.  (Color online) Breakdown characteristics of HEMT with different F- plasma treatment power (50/100/150 W).

Fig. 5.  (Color online) Breakdown characteristics of HEMT with different LLDD (0.3/0.6/0.9/1.2 μm).

Fig. 6.  (Color online) Comparison of gate leakage current before and after annealing.

Fig. 7.  (Color online) Comparison of breakdown voltage before and after annealing.

Table 1.   Vth, Id, Gm and VB of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with different LLDD.

LLDDVthId (mA/mm)Gm (mS/mm)VB (V)
(μm)(V)(Vg = 2 V)(Vd = 10 V)
0-3.295020075
0.3-2.7870190155
0.6-2.5440140165
0.9-2.539068173
1.2-2.535855188
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[1]
Chen K J, Yuan L, Wang M J, et al. Physics of fluorine plasma ion implantation for GaN normally-off HEMT technology. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2011, 19:465
[2]
Tian B L, Chen C, Zhang J H, et al. AlGaN/GaN MISHEMTs with sodium-beta-alumina as the gate dielectrics. Chin Phys Lett, 2013, 30:026101
[3]
Zhang S, Li M C, Feng Z H, et al. High electron mobility and low sheet resistance in lattice-matched AlInN/AlN/GaN/AlN/GaN double-channel heterostructure. Appl Phys Lett, 2009, 95:212101
[4]
Wang X D, Hu W D, Chen X S, et al. The study of self-heating and hot-electron effects for AlGaN/GaN double-channel HEMTs. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2012, 59:1393
[5]
Guo N, Hu W D, Chen X S, et al. Enhanced plasmonic resonant excitation in a grating gated field-effect transistor with supplemental gates. Opt Express, 2013, 21:1606
[6]
Shi Lei, Feng Shiwei, Liu Kun, et al. Mechanism of the self-changing parameters and characteristics in AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors after a step voltage stress. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(7):074005
[7]
Yang Junwei, Feng Shiwei, Shi Dong, et al. Thermal time-constant spectrum extraction method in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Journal of Semiconductors, 2015, 36(8):084003
[8]
Dong Z H, Wang J Y, Wen C P, et al. High breakdown AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMT with thermal oxidized Ni/Ti as gate insulator. Solid-State Electron, 2010, 54:1339
[9]
Mao W, Yang C, Hao Y, et al. The effect of a HfO2 insulator on the improvement of breakdown voltage in field-plated GaN-based HEMT. Chin Phys B, 2011, 20:097203
[10]
Wang M J, Chen K J. Improvement of the off-state breakdown voltage with fluorine ion implantation in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2011, 58:460
[11]
Duan B X, Yang Y T. Breakdown voltage analysis of Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN high electron mobility transistors with partial silicon doping in the AlGaN layer. Chin Phys B, 2012, 21:057201
[12]
Kim Y S, Lim J Y, Kim M K, et al. High breakdown voltage AlGaN/GaN HEMT by employing selective fluoride plasma treatment. Phys Status Solidi C, 2011, 8:453
[13]
Song D, Liu J, Cheng Z Q, et al. Normally Off AlGaN/GaN Low-Density Drain HEMT (LDD-HEMT) with enhanced breakdown voltage and reduced current collapse. IEEE Electron Device Lett, 2007, 28:189
[14]
Wang R, Cai Y, Chen K J, et al. Temperature dependence and thermal stability of Planar-Integrated enhancement/depletion-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs and digital circuits. Solid-State Electron, 2009, 53:1
[15]
Hayafuji N, Yamamoto Y, Ishida T, et al. Degradation mechanism of the AlInAs/GaInAs high electron mobility transistor due to fluorine incorporation. Appl Phys Lett, 1996, 69:4075
[16]
Wang C, Quan S, Ma X H, et al. High temperature annealing of enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors. Acta Phys Sin, 2010, 59:7333
[17]
Karmalkar S, Shur M S, Simin G, et al. Field-plate engineering for HFETs. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2005, 52:2534
[18]
Cai Y, Zhou Y G, Lau K M, et al. Control of threshold voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs by fluoride-based plasma treatment:from depletion mode to enhancement mode. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2006, 53:2207
[19]
Wang C, He Y L, Ding N, et al. Investigation of simulation and experimentation for low density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT. Chin Phys Lett, 2014, 31:038501
[20]
Cho K H, Choi Y H, Lim J, et al. Channel modulated AlGaN/GaN HEMTs employing fluoride plasma treatment. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2008:2172
[21]
Jia S, Cai Y, Wang D, et al. Enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on silicon substrate. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2006, 53:1474
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    Received: 20 November 2015 Revised: 11 December 2015 Online: Published: 01 June 2016

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      Chong Wang, Xiaoxiao Wei, Yunlong He, Xuefeng Zheng, Xiaohua Ma, Jincheng Zhang, Yue Hao. Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on low-density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(6): 064009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/6/064009 C Wang, X X Wei, Y L He, X F Zheng, X H Ma, J C Zhang, Y Hao. Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on low-density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(6): 064009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/6/064009.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Chong Wang, Xiaoxiao Wei, Yunlong He, Xuefeng Zheng, Xiaohua Ma, Jincheng Zhang, Yue Hao. Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on low-density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2016, 37(6): 064009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/6/064009

      C Wang, X X Wei, Y L He, X F Zheng, X H Ma, J C Zhang, Y Hao. Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on low-density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT[J]. J. Semicond., 2016, 37(6): 064009. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/6/064009.
      Export: BibTex EndNote

      Effects of the fluorine plasma treatment on low-density drain AlGaN/GaN HEMT

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/37/6/064009
      Funds:

      the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Nos. K5051325004, K5051325002

      the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61334002, 61106106, 61474091) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. K5051325004, K5051325002)

      the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos. 61334002, 61106106, 61474091

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      • Corresponding author: Email: wangchong197810@hotmail.com
      • Received Date: 2015-11-20
      • Revised Date: 2015-12-11
      • Published Date: 2016-06-01

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