SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope

Qiang Fu, Xipeng Di, Liang Yin and Xiaowei Liu

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Qiang Fu, E-mail:dixinpeng1@163.com

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Abstract: The analyses of MEMS gyroscope interface circuit on thermal noise, 1/f noise and phase noise are made in this paper. A closed-loop differential driving circuit and a low-noise differential detecting circuit based on the high frequency modulation are designed to limit the noise. The interface chip is implemented in a standard 0.5 μ m CMOS process. The test results show that the resolution of sensitive capacity can reach to 6.47 × 10-20 F at the bandwidth of 60 Hz. The measuring range is ± 200°/s and the nonlinearity is 310 ppm. The output noise density is 5.8°/(h·$\sqrt {\rm{Hz}}$). The angular random walk (allen-variance) is 0.092°/$\sqrt {\rm{h}}$ and the bias instability is 2.63°/h.

Key words: gyroscopelow noiseinterface circuit



[1]
Levy R, Janiaud D, Traon O L, et al. A new analog oscillator electronics applied to a piezoelectric vibrating gyro. Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2004: 326 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4135165_A_new_analog_oscillator_electronics_applied_to_a_piezoelectric_vibrating_gyro
[2]
[3]
Madni A M, Costlow L E, Knowles S J. Common design techniques for BEI GyroChip quartz rate sensors for both automotive and aerospace/defense markets. IEEE Sensors J, 2003, 10: 569 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3431127_Common_design_techniques_for_BEI_GyroChip_quartz_rate_sensors_for_both_automotive_and_aerospacedefense_markets
[4]
Feng L H, Gu W J, Zhao K, et al. Genome-wide screening and co-expression network analysis identify recurrence-specific biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Microsyst Technol, 2014, 20: 2231 doi: 10.1007/s00542-014-2113-z
[5]
Madni A M. Full circle commercialization of a dual-use micromachined quartz rate sensor technology. Sensors, 2005, 3(10): 523 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4224486_Full_circle_commercialization_of_a_dual-use_micromachined_quartz_rate_sensor_technology
[6]
Ohtsuka T, Inoue T, Yoshimatsu M, et al. Development of an ultra-small angular rate Sensor element with a laminated Quartz Tuning Fork. International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2007, 1: 129 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224683605_Development_of_an_Ultra-Small_Angular_Rate_Sensor_Element_with_a_Laminated_Quartz_Tuning_Fork
[7]
Sheard K, Scaysbrook I, Cox D F. Position, MEMS sensor and integrated navigation technology for precision guidance. Location and Navigation Symposium, 2008, 9: 1145 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=4570001&punumber%3D4557992%26sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A4569960%29%26pageNumber%3D2
[8]
Silva R N, Murray G W. Position, Low cost quartz rate sensors applied to tactical guidance IMUs. Location and Navigation Symposium, 1994, 8: 37 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/abstractKeywords.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=303293&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A7468%29%26pageNumber%3D2%26rowsPerPage%3D100
[9]
Mo B, Liu X W, Ding XW. A novel closed-loop drive circuit for the micromachined gyroscope. Chin J Sens Actuators, 2007, 3: 3384 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-CGJS200803042.htm
[10]
Ren M Y, H. Zhang, Liu X W, et al. High resolution capacitance detection circuit for rotor micro-gyroscope. AIP Adv, 2014, 4: 031331 doi: 10.1063/1.4868524
[11]
Hajimiri A, Lee T H. A general theory of phase noise in electrical oscillators. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 1998 33: 179 doi: 10.1109/4.658619
[12]
Zhao Y, Zhao J, Xia G M, et al. A 0.57°/h bias instability 0.067°/$\sqrt {\rm{h}}$ angle random walk MEMS gyroscope with CMOS readout circuit. IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2015, 9: 1 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7387505/
Fig. 1.  The principle of MEMS gyroscope interface circuit.

Fig. 2.  The noise model of charge amplifier.

Fig. 3.  Telescopic cascade amplifier.

Fig. 4.  The noise frequency spectrum of amplifier.

Fig. 5.  The topology of harmonic distortion amplifier.

Fig. 6.  The micrograph of chip and PCB micrograph.

Fig. 7.  (a) The frequency spectrum of noise after demodulation. (b) The noise frequency of output.

Fig. 8.  Root Allan variance plot.

Table 1.   Performance comparison with previous works.

[1]
Levy R, Janiaud D, Traon O L, et al. A new analog oscillator electronics applied to a piezoelectric vibrating gyro. Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2004: 326 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4135165_A_new_analog_oscillator_electronics_applied_to_a_piezoelectric_vibrating_gyro
[2]
[3]
Madni A M, Costlow L E, Knowles S J. Common design techniques for BEI GyroChip quartz rate sensors for both automotive and aerospace/defense markets. IEEE Sensors J, 2003, 10: 569 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3431127_Common_design_techniques_for_BEI_GyroChip_quartz_rate_sensors_for_both_automotive_and_aerospacedefense_markets
[4]
Feng L H, Gu W J, Zhao K, et al. Genome-wide screening and co-expression network analysis identify recurrence-specific biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Microsyst Technol, 2014, 20: 2231 doi: 10.1007/s00542-014-2113-z
[5]
Madni A M. Full circle commercialization of a dual-use micromachined quartz rate sensor technology. Sensors, 2005, 3(10): 523 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4224486_Full_circle_commercialization_of_a_dual-use_micromachined_quartz_rate_sensor_technology
[6]
Ohtsuka T, Inoue T, Yoshimatsu M, et al. Development of an ultra-small angular rate Sensor element with a laminated Quartz Tuning Fork. International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition, 2007, 1: 129 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224683605_Development_of_an_Ultra-Small_Angular_Rate_Sensor_Element_with_a_Laminated_Quartz_Tuning_Fork
[7]
Sheard K, Scaysbrook I, Cox D F. Position, MEMS sensor and integrated navigation technology for precision guidance. Location and Navigation Symposium, 2008, 9: 1145 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=4570001&punumber%3D4557992%26sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A4569960%29%26pageNumber%3D2
[8]
Silva R N, Murray G W. Position, Low cost quartz rate sensors applied to tactical guidance IMUs. Location and Navigation Symposium, 1994, 8: 37 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/abstractKeywords.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=303293&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A7468%29%26pageNumber%3D2%26rowsPerPage%3D100
[9]
Mo B, Liu X W, Ding XW. A novel closed-loop drive circuit for the micromachined gyroscope. Chin J Sens Actuators, 2007, 3: 3384 http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-CGJS200803042.htm
[10]
Ren M Y, H. Zhang, Liu X W, et al. High resolution capacitance detection circuit for rotor micro-gyroscope. AIP Adv, 2014, 4: 031331 doi: 10.1063/1.4868524
[11]
Hajimiri A, Lee T H. A general theory of phase noise in electrical oscillators. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 1998 33: 179 doi: 10.1109/4.658619
[12]
Zhao Y, Zhao J, Xia G M, et al. A 0.57°/h bias instability 0.067°/$\sqrt {\rm{h}}$ angle random walk MEMS gyroscope with CMOS readout circuit. IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2015, 9: 1 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7387505/
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    Received: 19 August 2016 Revised: 07 December 2016 Online: Published: 01 July 2017

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      Qiang Fu, Xipeng Di, Liang Yin, Xiaowei Liu. A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2017, 38(7): 075005. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/7/075005 Q Fu, X P Di, L Yin, X W Liu. A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope[J]. J. Semicond., 2017, 38(7): 075005. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/7/075005.Export: BibTex EndNote
      Citation:
      Qiang Fu, Xipeng Di, Liang Yin, Xiaowei Liu. A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2017, 38(7): 075005. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/7/075005

      Q Fu, X P Di, L Yin, X W Liu. A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope[J]. J. Semicond., 2017, 38(7): 075005. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/7/075005.
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      A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/38/7/075005
      Funds:

      the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities HIT.NSRIF.2013040

      the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China 2013AA041107

      Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61204121), the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. 2013AA041107), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. HIT.NSRIF.2013040)

      the National Natural Science Foundation of China 61204121

      More Information
      • Corresponding author: Qiang Fu, E-mail:dixinpeng1@163.com
      • Received Date: 2016-08-19
      • Revised Date: 2016-12-07
      • Published Date: 2017-07-01

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