Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy

Jin Sui; Jiaxiang Chen; Haolan Qu; Yu Zhang; Xing Lu; Xinbo Zou

doi:10.1088/1674-4926/45/3/032503

J. Semicond. > 2024, Volume 45 > Issue 3 > 032503, doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/45/3/032503

ARTICLES

Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy

Jin Sui^{1, 2, 3}, Jiaxiang Chen^{1, 2, 3}, Haolan Qu^{1, 2, 3}, Yu Zhang^{1, 2, 3}, Xing Lu⁴ and Xinbo Zou^1,

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author: Xinbo Zou, zouxb@shanghaitech.edu.cn

Abstract: Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap (H1) in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy (ODLTS). Activation energy (E_emi) and capture cross-section (σ_p) of H1 are determined to be 0.75 eV and 4.67 × 10⁻¹⁵ cm², respectively. Distribution of apparent trap concentration in space charge region is demonstrated. Temperature-enhanced emission process is revealed by decrease of emission time constant. Electric-field-boosted trap emission kinetics are analyzed by the Poole−Frenkel emission (PFE) model. In addition, H1 shows point defect capture properties and temperature-enhanced capture kinetics. Taking both hole capture and emission processes into account during laser beam incidence, H1 features a trap concentration of 2.67 × 10¹⁵ cm⁻³. The method and obtained results may facilitate understanding of minority carrier trap properties in wide bandgap semiconductor material and can be applied for device reliability assessment.

Key words: GaN, deep level transient spectroscopy, minority carrier trap, time constant, trap concentration

References

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[2]	Li G Q, Wang W L, Yang W J, et al. GaN-based light-emitting diodes on various substrates: A critical review. Rep Prog Phys, 2016, 79, 056501 doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/5/056501
[3]	Kunwar S, Pandit S, Jeong J H, et al. Improved photoresponse of UV photodetectors by the incorporation of plasmonic nanoparticles on GaN through the resonant coupling of localized surface plasmon resonance. Nanomicro Lett, 2020, 12, 91 doi: 10.1007/s40820-020-00437-x
[4]	Jiang C Y, Jing L, Huang X, et al. Enhanced solar cell conversion efficiency of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells by piezo-phototronic effect. ACS Nano, 2017, 11, 9405 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04935
[5]	Lei P, Li C Z, Wang D D, et al. Carbon-induced deep traps responsible for current collapse in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. J Semicond, 2008, 29, 1066
[6]	Zhang Y M, Feng S W, Zhu H, et al. Self-heating and traps effects on the drain transient response of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. J Semicond, 2014, 35, 104003 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/104003
[7]	Zhou X Y, Tan X, Wang Y G, et al. Coeffect of trapping behaviors on the performance of GaN-based devices. J Semicond, 2018, 39, 094007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/9/094007
[8]	Hezabra A, Abdeslam N A, Sengouga N, et al. 2D study of AlGaN/AlN/GaN/AlGaN HEMTs’ response to traps. J Semicond, 2019, 40, 022802 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/2/022802
[9]	Angelotti A M, Gibiino G P, Santarelli A, et al. Experimental characterization of charge trapping dynamics in 100-nm AlN/GaN/AlGaN-on-Si HEMTs by wideband transient measurements. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2020, 67, 3069 doi: 10.1109/TED.2020.3000983
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[11]	Chen J X, Zhu M, Lu X, et al. Electrical characterization of GaN Schottky barrier diode at cryogenic temperatures. Appl Phys Lett, 2020, 116, 062102 doi: 10.1063/1.5131337
[12]	Zhang Y L, Zhang X, Zhu M, et al. Forward conduction instability of quasi-vertical GaN p-i-n diodes on Si substrates. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2020, 67, 3992 doi: 10.1109/TED.2020.3012422
[13]	Tokuda Y, Matsuoka Y, Ueda H, et al. DLTS study of n-type GaN grown by MOCVD on GaN substrates. Superlattices Microstruct, 2006, 40, 268 doi: 10.1016/j.spmi.2006.07.025
[14]	Kogiso T, Narita T, Yoshida H, et al. Characterization of hole traps in MOVPE-grown p-type GaN layers using low-frequency capacitance deep-level transient spectroscopy. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2019, 58, SCCB36 doi: 10.7567/1347-4065/ab0408
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[17]	Zhu M, Ren Y, Zhou L D, et al. Temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of neutron-irradiated GaN Schottky barrier diodes. Microelectron Reliab, 2021, 125, 114345 doi: 10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114345
[18]	Alfieri G, Sundaramoorthy V K. Minority carrier traps in ion-implanted n-type homoepitaxial GaN. Phys Status Solidi B Basic Res, 2020, 257, 1900506 doi: 10.1002/pssb.201900506
[19]	Polyakov A Y, Smirnov N B, Govorkov A V, et al. Deep hole traps in n-GaN films grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. J Appl Phys, 2002, 91, 6580 doi: 10.1063/1.1468909
[20]	Amor S, Ahaitouf A, Ahaitouf A, et al. Evidence of minority carrier traps contribution in deep level transient spectroscopy measurement in n–GaN Schottky diode. Superlattices Microstruct, 2017, 101, 529 doi: 10.1016/j.spmi.2016.11.011
[21]	Duc T T, Pozina G, Amano H, et al. Deep level study of Mg-doped GaN using deep level transient spectroscopy and minority carrier transient spectroscopy. Phys Rev B, 2016, 94, 045206 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.045206
[22]	Kanegae K, Horita M, Kimoto T, et al. Accurate method for estimating hole trap concentration in n-type GaN via minority carrier transient spectroscopy. Appl Phys Express, 2018, 11, 071002 doi: 10.7567/APEX.11.071002
[23]	Polyakov A Y, Smirnov N B, Govorkov A V, et al. Hydride vapor phase GaN films with reduced density of residual electrons and deep traps. J Appl Phys, 2014, 115, 183706 doi: 10.1063/1.4876061
[24]	Polyakov A Y, Smirnov N B, Yakimov E B, et al. Electrical, optical, and structural properties of GaN films prepared by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. J Alloys Compd, 2014, 617, 200 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.07.208
[25]	Polyakov A Y, Lee I H, Smirnov N B, et al. Electric field dependence of major electron trap emission in bulk β-Ga₂O₃: Poole–Frenkel effect versus phonon-assisted tunneling. J Phys D:Appl Phys, 2020, 53, 304001 doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ab87c1
[26]	Qu H L, Zou X B. Emission and capture characteristics of electron trap (E _emi = 0.8 eV) in Si-doped β-Ga₂O₃ epilayer. Semicond Sci Technol, 2023, 38, 015001 doi: 10.1088/1361-6641/aca045
[27]	Markevich V P, Halsall M P, Sun L J, et al. Electric-field enhancement of electron emission rates for deep-level traps in n-type GaN. Phys Status Solidi B Basic Res, 2023, 260, 2200545 doi: 10.1002/pssb.202200545
[28]	Cho H K, Kim C S, Hong C H. Electron capture behaviors of deep level traps in unintentionally doped and intentionally doped n-type GaN. J Appl Phys, 2003, 94, 1485 doi: 10.1063/1.1586981
[29]	Wang Z P, Chen X H, Ren F F, et al. Deep-level defects in gallium oxide. J Phys D:Appl Phys, 2021, 54, 043002 doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/abbeb1
[30]	Peaker A R, Markevich V P, Coutinho J. Tutorial: Junction spectroscopy techniques and deep-level defects in semiconductors. J Appl Phys, 2018, 123, 161559 doi: 10.1063/1.5011327
[31]	Kanegae K, Narita T, Tomita K, et al. Dual-color-sub-bandgap-light-excited isothermal capacitance transient spectroscopy for quick measurement of carbon-related hole trap density in n-type GaN. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2020, 59, SGGD05 doi: 10.35848/1347-4065/ab6863
[32]	Lang D V. Fast capacitance transient appartus: Application to ZnO and O centers in GaP p−n junctions. J Appl Phys, 1974, 45, 3014 doi: 10.1063/1.1663718
[33]	Martin G M, Mitonneau A, Pons D, et al. Detailed electrical characterisation of the deep Cr acceptor in GaAs. J Phys C Solid State Phys, 1980, 13, 3855 doi: 10.1088/0022-3719/13/20/009
[34]	Tian Z, Quick N R, Kar A. Characteristics of 6H-silicon carbide PIN diodes prototyping by laser doping. J Electron Mater, 2005, 34, 430 doi: 10.1007/s11664-005-0123-4
[35]	Chen J X, Luo H X, Qu H L, et al. Single-trap emission kinetics of vertical β-Ga₂O₃ Schottky diodes by deep-level transient spectroscopy. Semicond Sci Technol, 2021, 36, 055015 doi: 10.1088/1361-6641/abed8d
[36]	Aoshima K, Kanegae K, Horita M, et al. Electron traps formed by gamma-ray irradiation in homoepitaxial n-type GaN and their annealing behavior. AIP Adv, 2020, 10, 045023 doi: 10.1063/1.5144158
[37]	Chen J X, Huang W, Qu H L, et al. Study of minority carrier traps in p-GaN gate HEMT by optical deep level transient spectroscopy. Appl Phys Lett, 2022, 120, 212105 doi: 10.1063/5.0083362
[38]	Coelho A V P, Boudinov H. Emission rate dependence on the electric field for two trap levels in proton-irradiated n-type GaAs. Phys Rev B, 2008, 77, 235210 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235210
[39]	Kumar A, Mondal S, Rao K S R K. DLTS analysis of amphoteric interface defects in high-TiO₂ MOS structures prepared by sol-gel spin-coating. AIP Adv, 2015, 5, 117122 doi: 10.1063/1.4935749
[40]	Heo S, Chung J, Lee H I, et al. Defect visualization of Cu(InGa)(SeS)₂ thin films using DLTS measurement. Sci Rep, 2016, 6, 30554 doi: 10.1038/srep30554
[41]	Pons D. Accurate determination of the free carrier capture kinetics of deep traps by space-charge methods. J Appl Phys, 1984, 55, 3644 doi: 10.1063/1.332914
[42]	Tokuda Y, Yamada Y, Shibata T, et al. Hole traps in n-GaN detected by minority carrier transient spectroscopy. Phys Status Solidi C, 2011, 8, 2239 doi: 10.1002/pssc.201000879
[43]	Hamilton B, Peaker A R, Wight D R. Deep-state-controlled minority-carrier lifetime in n-type gallium phosphide. J Appl Phys, 1979, 50, 6373 doi: 10.1063/1.325728
[44]	Shah P B, Dedhia R H, Tompkins R P, et al. DLTS and MCTS analysis of the influence of growth pressure on trap generation in MOCVD GaN. Solid State Electron, 2012, 78, 121 doi: 10.1016/j.sse.2012.05.057

Fig. 1. (Colour online) (a) A cross-section diagram of a GaN quasi-vertical SBD under experimentation. (b) Forward and reverse J–V characteristics at 300 K presented by logarithmic scale. Inset: forward J–V characteristics at 300 K in linear scale. (c) C–V characteristics at 300 K. Inset: 1/C²–V curve at 300 K.

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Fig. 2. (Colour online) (a) Energy band diagrams of hole trap in GaN for (1) capture and (2) emission process. (b) Inverted temperature-scanning ODLTS spectra. (c) Arrhenius plot for hole trap H1. (d) Apparent trap concentration profile versus depletion region width.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 3. (Colour online) (a) Isothermal ODLTS spectra for scanning T_W with fixed U_R of −6 V and t_p of 1 s from 315 to 343 K. (b) τ_e derived by isothermal ODLTS at different temperatures. (c) Arrhenius plot of trap H1 extracted from temperature-dependent τ_e.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 4. (Colour online) (a) Electric-field-dependent τ_e of trap H1 extracted from capacitance transient spectra from 315 to 329 K. The ln(e_p) of trap H1 as a function of (b) E² and (c) E^1/2 from 315 to 329 K. Black dotted lines are linear fitting curves.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 5. (Colour online) (a) Normalized capacitance transient amplitude as a function of t_p. (b) Capacitance transient amplitude increases exponentially with t_p. (c) τ_c from 315 to 343 K.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Table 1. Comparison with other published comparable hole trap in n-GaN.

E_emi (eV)	0.75^[44]	0.70^[23]	0.76^[20]	0.75 [This work]
σ_p (cm²)	9.5 × 10⁻¹⁷	NA	4.9 × 10⁻¹³	4.67 × 10⁻¹⁵
N_Ta (cm⁻³)	1.73 × 10¹⁴	9.6 × 10¹⁵	NA	2.67 × 10¹⁵
e_p–E	NA	NA	NA	PFE
Growth	MOCVD	HVPE	MOCVD	MOCVD
Measurement	MCTS, 280 nm	ODLTS, 365 nm	DLTS	ODLTS, 405 nm
Remark	V_Ga related	Complexes*	Point defect	Point defect
NA means not applicable in the table. *This trap is related to complexes of native defects with donor impurities.

DownLoad: CSV

[1]	Flack T J, Pushpakaran B N, Bayne S B. GaN technology for power electronic applications: A review. J Electron Mater, 2016, 45, 2673 doi: 10.1007/s11664-016-4435-3
[2]	Li G Q, Wang W L, Yang W J, et al. GaN-based light-emitting diodes on various substrates: A critical review. Rep Prog Phys, 2016, 79, 056501 doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/5/056501
[3]	Kunwar S, Pandit S, Jeong J H, et al. Improved photoresponse of UV photodetectors by the incorporation of plasmonic nanoparticles on GaN through the resonant coupling of localized surface plasmon resonance. Nanomicro Lett, 2020, 12, 91 doi: 10.1007/s40820-020-00437-x
[4]	Jiang C Y, Jing L, Huang X, et al. Enhanced solar cell conversion efficiency of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells by piezo-phototronic effect. ACS Nano, 2017, 11, 9405 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04935
[5]	Lei P, Li C Z, Wang D D, et al. Carbon-induced deep traps responsible for current collapse in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. J Semicond, 2008, 29, 1066
[6]	Zhang Y M, Feng S W, Zhu H, et al. Self-heating and traps effects on the drain transient response of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. J Semicond, 2014, 35, 104003 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/35/10/104003
[7]	Zhou X Y, Tan X, Wang Y G, et al. Coeffect of trapping behaviors on the performance of GaN-based devices. J Semicond, 2018, 39, 094007 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/39/9/094007
[8]	Hezabra A, Abdeslam N A, Sengouga N, et al. 2D study of AlGaN/AlN/GaN/AlGaN HEMTs’ response to traps. J Semicond, 2019, 40, 022802 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/2/022802
[9]	Angelotti A M, Gibiino G P, Santarelli A, et al. Experimental characterization of charge trapping dynamics in 100-nm AlN/GaN/AlGaN-on-Si HEMTs by wideband transient measurements. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2020, 67, 3069 doi: 10.1109/TED.2020.3000983
[10]	Hierro A, Arehart A R, Heying B, et al. Capture kinetics of electron traps in MBE-grown n-GaN. Phys Stat Sol (b), 2001, 228, 309 doi: 10.1002/1521-3951(200111)228:1<309::AID-PSSB309>3.0.CO;2-N
[11]	Chen J X, Zhu M, Lu X, et al. Electrical characterization of GaN Schottky barrier diode at cryogenic temperatures. Appl Phys Lett, 2020, 116, 062102 doi: 10.1063/1.5131337
[12]	Zhang Y L, Zhang X, Zhu M, et al. Forward conduction instability of quasi-vertical GaN p-i-n diodes on Si substrates. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2020, 67, 3992 doi: 10.1109/TED.2020.3012422
[13]	Tokuda Y, Matsuoka Y, Ueda H, et al. DLTS study of n-type GaN grown by MOCVD on GaN substrates. Superlattices Microstruct, 2006, 40, 268 doi: 10.1016/j.spmi.2006.07.025
[14]	Kogiso T, Narita T, Yoshida H, et al. Characterization of hole traps in MOVPE-grown p-type GaN layers using low-frequency capacitance deep-level transient spectroscopy. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2019, 58, SCCB36 doi: 10.7567/1347-4065/ab0408
[15]	Kanegae K, Fujikura H, Otoki Y, et al. Deep-level transient spectroscopy studies of electron and hole traps in n-type GaN homoepitaxial layers grown by quartz-free hydride-vapor-phase epitaxy. Appl Phys Lett, 2019, 115, 012103 doi: 10.1063/1.5098965
[16]	Arehart A R, Corrion A, Poblenz C, et al. Comparison of deep level incorporation in ammonia and rf-plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy n-GaN films. Phys Status Solidi (c), 2008, 5, 1750 doi: 10.1002/pssc.200778622
[17]	Zhu M, Ren Y, Zhou L D, et al. Temperature-dependent electrical characteristics of neutron-irradiated GaN Schottky barrier diodes. Microelectron Reliab, 2021, 125, 114345 doi: 10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114345
[18]	Alfieri G, Sundaramoorthy V K. Minority carrier traps in ion-implanted n-type homoepitaxial GaN. Phys Status Solidi B Basic Res, 2020, 257, 1900506 doi: 10.1002/pssb.201900506
[19]	Polyakov A Y, Smirnov N B, Govorkov A V, et al. Deep hole traps in n-GaN films grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. J Appl Phys, 2002, 91, 6580 doi: 10.1063/1.1468909
[20]	Amor S, Ahaitouf A, Ahaitouf A, et al. Evidence of minority carrier traps contribution in deep level transient spectroscopy measurement in n–GaN Schottky diode. Superlattices Microstruct, 2017, 101, 529 doi: 10.1016/j.spmi.2016.11.011
[21]	Duc T T, Pozina G, Amano H, et al. Deep level study of Mg-doped GaN using deep level transient spectroscopy and minority carrier transient spectroscopy. Phys Rev B, 2016, 94, 045206 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.045206
[22]	Kanegae K, Horita M, Kimoto T, et al. Accurate method for estimating hole trap concentration in n-type GaN via minority carrier transient spectroscopy. Appl Phys Express, 2018, 11, 071002 doi: 10.7567/APEX.11.071002
[23]	Polyakov A Y, Smirnov N B, Govorkov A V, et al. Hydride vapor phase GaN films with reduced density of residual electrons and deep traps. J Appl Phys, 2014, 115, 183706 doi: 10.1063/1.4876061
[24]	Polyakov A Y, Smirnov N B, Yakimov E B, et al. Electrical, optical, and structural properties of GaN films prepared by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. J Alloys Compd, 2014, 617, 200 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.07.208
[25]	Polyakov A Y, Lee I H, Smirnov N B, et al. Electric field dependence of major electron trap emission in bulk β-Ga₂O₃: Poole–Frenkel effect versus phonon-assisted tunneling. J Phys D:Appl Phys, 2020, 53, 304001 doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ab87c1
[26]	Qu H L, Zou X B. Emission and capture characteristics of electron trap (E _emi = 0.8 eV) in Si-doped β-Ga₂O₃ epilayer. Semicond Sci Technol, 2023, 38, 015001 doi: 10.1088/1361-6641/aca045
[27]	Markevich V P, Halsall M P, Sun L J, et al. Electric-field enhancement of electron emission rates for deep-level traps in n-type GaN. Phys Status Solidi B Basic Res, 2023, 260, 2200545 doi: 10.1002/pssb.202200545
[28]	Cho H K, Kim C S, Hong C H. Electron capture behaviors of deep level traps in unintentionally doped and intentionally doped n-type GaN. J Appl Phys, 2003, 94, 1485 doi: 10.1063/1.1586981
[29]	Wang Z P, Chen X H, Ren F F, et al. Deep-level defects in gallium oxide. J Phys D:Appl Phys, 2021, 54, 043002 doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/abbeb1
[30]	Peaker A R, Markevich V P, Coutinho J. Tutorial: Junction spectroscopy techniques and deep-level defects in semiconductors. J Appl Phys, 2018, 123, 161559 doi: 10.1063/1.5011327
[31]	Kanegae K, Narita T, Tomita K, et al. Dual-color-sub-bandgap-light-excited isothermal capacitance transient spectroscopy for quick measurement of carbon-related hole trap density in n-type GaN. Jpn J Appl Phys, 2020, 59, SGGD05 doi: 10.35848/1347-4065/ab6863
[32]	Lang D V. Fast capacitance transient appartus: Application to ZnO and O centers in GaP p−n junctions. J Appl Phys, 1974, 45, 3014 doi: 10.1063/1.1663718
[33]	Martin G M, Mitonneau A, Pons D, et al. Detailed electrical characterisation of the deep Cr acceptor in GaAs. J Phys C Solid State Phys, 1980, 13, 3855 doi: 10.1088/0022-3719/13/20/009
[34]	Tian Z, Quick N R, Kar A. Characteristics of 6H-silicon carbide PIN diodes prototyping by laser doping. J Electron Mater, 2005, 34, 430 doi: 10.1007/s11664-005-0123-4
[35]	Chen J X, Luo H X, Qu H L, et al. Single-trap emission kinetics of vertical β-Ga₂O₃ Schottky diodes by deep-level transient spectroscopy. Semicond Sci Technol, 2021, 36, 055015 doi: 10.1088/1361-6641/abed8d
[36]	Aoshima K, Kanegae K, Horita M, et al. Electron traps formed by gamma-ray irradiation in homoepitaxial n-type GaN and their annealing behavior. AIP Adv, 2020, 10, 045023 doi: 10.1063/1.5144158
[37]	Chen J X, Huang W, Qu H L, et al. Study of minority carrier traps in p-GaN gate HEMT by optical deep level transient spectroscopy. Appl Phys Lett, 2022, 120, 212105 doi: 10.1063/5.0083362
[38]	Coelho A V P, Boudinov H. Emission rate dependence on the electric field for two trap levels in proton-irradiated n-type GaAs. Phys Rev B, 2008, 77, 235210 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235210
[39]	Kumar A, Mondal S, Rao K S R K. DLTS analysis of amphoteric interface defects in high-TiO₂ MOS structures prepared by sol-gel spin-coating. AIP Adv, 2015, 5, 117122 doi: 10.1063/1.4935749
[40]	Heo S, Chung J, Lee H I, et al. Defect visualization of Cu(InGa)(SeS)₂ thin films using DLTS measurement. Sci Rep, 2016, 6, 30554 doi: 10.1038/srep30554
[41]	Pons D. Accurate determination of the free carrier capture kinetics of deep traps by space-charge methods. J Appl Phys, 1984, 55, 3644 doi: 10.1063/1.332914
[42]	Tokuda Y, Yamada Y, Shibata T, et al. Hole traps in n-GaN detected by minority carrier transient spectroscopy. Phys Status Solidi C, 2011, 8, 2239 doi: 10.1002/pssc.201000879
[43]	Hamilton B, Peaker A R, Wight D R. Deep-state-controlled minority-carrier lifetime in n-type gallium phosphide. J Appl Phys, 1979, 50, 6373 doi: 10.1063/1.325728
[44]	Shah P B, Dedhia R H, Tompkins R P, et al. DLTS and MCTS analysis of the influence of growth pressure on trap generation in MOCVD GaN. Solid State Electron, 2012, 78, 121 doi: 10.1016/j.sse.2012.05.057

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Received: 31 August 2023 Revised: 22 November 2023 Online: Accepted Manuscript: 11 January 2024Uncorrected proof: 17 January 2024Published: 15 March 2024

Article Navigation > Journal of Semiconductors > 2024 > 45(3): 032503

Jin Sui, Jiaxiang Chen, Haolan Qu, Yu Zhang, Xing Lu, Xinbo Zou. Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2024, 45(3): 032503. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/45/3/032503 J Sui, J X Chen, H L Qu, Y Zhang, X Lu, X B Zou. Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy[J]. J. Semicond, 2024, 45(3): 032503. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/45/3/032503Export: BibTex EndNote

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J Sui, J X Chen, H L Qu, Y Zhang, X Lu, X B Zou. Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy[J]. J. Semicond, 2024, 45(3): 032503. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/45/3/032503

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Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy

doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/45/3/032503

Jin Sui^{1, 2, 3},
Jiaxiang Chen^{1, 2, 3},
Haolan Qu^{1, 2, 3},
Yu Zhang^{1, 2, 3},
Xing Lu⁴,
Xinbo Zou^1,

1.
School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
2.
Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
3.
School of Microelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4.
School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

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Author Bio:
Jin Sui Jin Sui got her BS from Xidian University in 2019. Now she is a master’s student at ShanghaiTech Univeristy under the supervision of Prof. Xinbo Zou. Her research focuses on device transient characteristics and low frequency noise characteristics of GaN power diodes

Xinbo Zou Xinbo Zou received his B.Eng degree from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) in 2007 and Ph.D from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) in 2013. From 2014 to 2017, he was a Research Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and a Junior Fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) of HKUST. In September 2017, he joined ShanghaiTech University as an assistant professor. His research focuses on characterization of Ⅲ-N materials and devices, encompassing thin-film and nano-scale devices
Corresponding author: zouxb@shanghaitech.edu.cn
Received Date: 2023-08-31
Revised Date: 2023-11-22

Available Online: 2024-01-11

Abstract

Abstract

Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap (H1) in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy (ODLTS). Activation energy (E_emi) and capture cross-section (σ_p) of H1 are determined to be 0.75 eV and 4.67 × 10⁻¹⁵ cm², respectively. Distribution of apparent trap concentration in space charge region is demonstrated. Temperature-enhanced emission process is revealed by decrease of emission time constant. Electric-field-boosted trap emission kinetics are analyzed by the Poole−Frenkel emission (PFE) model. In addition, H1 shows point defect capture properties and temperature-enhanced capture kinetics. Taking both hole capture and emission processes into account during laser beam incidence, H1 features a trap concentration of 2.67 × 10¹⁵ cm⁻³. The method and obtained results may facilitate understanding of minority carrier trap properties in wide bandgap semiconductor material and can be applied for device reliability assessment.
- GaN,
- deep level transient spectroscopy,
- minority carrier trap,
- time constant,
- trap concentration

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References

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Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy

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Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy

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Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy

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