J. Semicond. > 2023, Volume 44 > Issue 4 > 041701, doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/44/4/041701
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Research progress on vanadium oxides for potassium-ion batteries

Yuhan Wu1, , Guangbo Chen2, Xiaonan Wu3, Lin Li4, Jinyu Yue1, Yinyan Guan1, , Juan Hou5, , Fanian Shi1, and Jiyan Liang1

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Yuhan Wu, yuhanwu@sut.edu.cn; Yinyan Guan, guanyinyan@sut.edu.cn; Juan Hou, hjuan05@sina.com; Fanian Shi, shifn@sut.edu.cn

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Abstract: Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have been considered as promising candidates in the post-lithium-ion battery era. Till now, a large number of materials have been used as electrode materials for PIBs, among which vanadium oxides exhibit great potentiality. Vanadium oxides can provide multiple electron transfers during electrochemical reactions because vanadium possesses a variety of oxidation states. Meanwhile, their relatively low cost and superior material, structural, and physicochemical properties endow them with strong competitiveness. Although some inspiring research results have been achieved, many issues and challenges remain to be further addressed. Herein, we systematically summarize the research progress of vanadium oxides for PIBs. Then, feasible improvement strategies for the material properties and electrochemical performance are introduced. Finally, the existing challenges and perspectives are discussed with a view to promoting the development of vanadium oxides and accelerating their practical applications.

Key words: potassium-ion batteries, vanadium oxides, electrode materials, electrochemical performance, improvement strategies



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Fig. 1.  (Color online) Schematic illustration of vanadium oxides for PIBs.

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Fig. 1.  (Color online) (a) First discharge/charge profile of γ′-V2O5 in a 4.4−1.5 V voltage window[41]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. (b) First CV curves at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s, (c) initial discharge/charge profiles, and (d) cycling performance of V2O5·0.6H2O and V2O5 at 50 mA/g[42]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (e) First charge/discharge profiles and (f) cycling performance of V2O5 and V2O5@rGO[44]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (g) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of C@ V2O5@CNFs[46]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2022, Elsevier.

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Fig. 2.  (Color online) (a) Schematic of the synthesis of SA-VO2. (b) Cycling performance, (c) rate performance, and (d) long-term cycling stability of SA-VO2 and VO2. (e) In situ XRD patterns of SA-VO2 anode operated at different charge states[51]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2020, Wiley.

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Fig. 3.  (Color online) (a) Schematic preparation route of HS-V2O3@C. (b) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of HS-V2O3@C. (c) Cycling and (d) rate performance of samples with different carbon contents[53]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2020, The Royal Society of Chemistry. (e) Rate performance of VOx, V2O3–x, and V2O3–x@rGO[55]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2019, The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Fig. 4.  (Color online) (a−c) SEM, transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction images of δ-K0.51V2O5. (d) Schematic illustration of δ-K0.51V2O5//graphite full cell and (e) Light-emitting diode (LED) screen is driven by the full cell[58]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (f) Structural evolution of the reconstructing process from α-V2O5 to δ-K0.5V2O5. (g) Digital image of δ-K0.5V2O5//PTCDI pouch cell. (h) Cycling performance and (i) corresponding discharge/charge curves of the pouch cell at different temperatures[59]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society.

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Fig. 5.  (Color online) (a) SEM images of K0.5V2O5/CNTs hybrid film. (b) Optical images of K0.5V2O5/CNT film at different bending states. Flexible cable-shaped K0.5V2O5/CNTs//hard carbon PIB full cell: (c) schematic diagram of the structure, (d) the charge/discharge curve at the 3rd cycle, (e) the cycling stability and coulombic efficiency, and (f) photographs of a red LED powered by the cable-shaped PIB at various bending angles[61]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2021, The Royal Society of Chemistry. (g) Cycling performance of δ-K0.5V2O5 and K0.5V2O5·0.5H2O[63]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2021, The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Fig. 6.  (Color online) (a) Schematic of the synthesis of K2V3O8/C composite. (b) Cycling stability of K2V3O8/C and K2V3O8[66]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (c) Schematic illustration of the phase transition between K2V3O8 and KV3O8[67]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2019, The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Fig. 7.  (Color online) (a) Neutron PDFs of partially and fully hydrated disordered K0.22V1.74O4.37·0.82H2O. (b, c) In situ XRD spectra of the layered (001) plane during cycling. (d) The average gravimetric electrode capacity through the 5000 cycles at different current densities[68]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2017, Springer Nature. (e, f) Cycling performance and rate capability of NH4V4O10 in 1/2–3.8 V. (g) Cycling performance of NH4V4O10 at high rates in 2–3.8 V[69]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2019, Wiley. (h, i) Schematic illustration of the synthetic process and SEM image of VO/C. (j, k) Rate and cycling performance of KPB//VO/C full cell[71]. Reprinted with permission, Copyright 2020, The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Table 1.   Property comparison of K with Li[19-21].

ParameterLiK
Atomic number319
Atomic mass (g/mol)6.9439.10
E0 versus SHE (V)−3.04−2.93
Melting point (°C)180.563.5
Ionic radius (Å)0.761.38
Stokes radius in water (Å)2.381.25
Stokes radius in PC (Å)4.83.6
Ionic conductivity in PC (S·cm2/mol)8.315.2
Desolvation energy in PC (kJ/mol)215.8119.2
Abundance in Earth’s crust (ppm)2017,000
Globe distributionMainly in South AmericaMany countries
Alloy with aluminumYesNo
Price of carbonate (US $/kg)356121
Price of carbonate (US $/Mole)26.314.1
DownLoad: CSV
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    Received: 01 November 2022 Revised: 14 November 2022 Online: Uncorrected proof: 18 November 2022Accepted Manuscript: 18 November 2022Published: 10 April 2023

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      Article Navigation >  Journal of Semiconductors  > 2023  >  44(4): 041701
      Yuhan Wu, Guangbo Chen, Xiaonan Wu, Lin Li, Jinyu Yue, Yinyan Guan, Juan Hou, Fanian Shi, Jiyan Liang. Research progress on vanadium oxides for potassium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2023, 44(4): 041701. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/44/4/041701 Y H Wu, G B Chen, X N Wu, L Li, J Y Yue, Y Y Guan, J Hou, F N Shi, J Y Liang. Research progress on vanadium oxides for potassium-ion batteries[J]. J. Semicond, 2023, 44(4): 041701. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/44/4/041701Export: BibTex EndNote
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      Yuhan Wu, Guangbo Chen, Xiaonan Wu, Lin Li, Jinyu Yue, Yinyan Guan, Juan Hou, Fanian Shi, Jiyan Liang. Research progress on vanadium oxides for potassium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2023, 44(4): 041701. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/44/4/041701

      Y H Wu, G B Chen, X N Wu, L Li, J Y Yue, Y Y Guan, J Hou, F N Shi, J Y Liang. Research progress on vanadium oxides for potassium-ion batteries[J]. J. Semicond, 2023, 44(4): 041701. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/44/4/041701
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      Research progress on vanadium oxides for potassium-ion batteries

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/44/4/041701
      • 1.

        School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China

      • 2.

        Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany

      • 3.

        Department of Chemical Engineering, Hebei Petroleum University of Technology, Chengde 067000, China

      • 4.

        Institute for Carbon Neutralization, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China

      • 5.

        College of Science/Key Laboratory of Ecophysics and Department of Physics, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China

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      • Author Bio:

        Yuhan Wu received his Ph.D. degree in material physics at the Ilmenau University of Technology in 2021. Since 2022, he has been a lecturer at the Shenyang University of Technology. His research interests focus on designing and synthesizing nanostructural materials for energy conversion and storage

        Yinyan Guan got her B.S. degree in 2007 at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology and Ph.D. degree in 2014 at the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Then she joined the Shenyang University of Technology as an associate professor. Her research interests include polymer processing, polymer membranes, and thin film batteries

        Juan Hou got her B.S. degree in 2006 and Ph.D. degree in 2013 at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. She is currently a professor at Shihezi University. Her research interests are new energy materials and devices

        Fanian Shi received his Ph.D. in applied chemistry in 1996 at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is currently a full professor at the Shenyang University of Technology and a member of the committee on Energy and Environment, China Energy Society. He specializes in the research of MOF composites for energy materials, photocatalysts, etc

      • Corresponding author: yuhanwu@sut.edu.cn; guanyinyan@sut.edu.cn; hjuan05@sina.com; shifn@sut.edu.cn
      • Received Date: 2022-11-01
      • Revised Date: 2022-11-14
        • Available Online: 2022-11-18

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