J. Semicond. > 2021, Volume 42 > Issue 3 > 032501
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ARTICLES

Resonant enhancement of magnetic damping driven by coherent acoustic phonons in thin Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs

Lin Song1, 2, Wei Yan1, 2, 3, Hailong Wang1, 2, Jianhua Zhao1, 2 and Xinhui Zhang1, 2,

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Xinhui Zhang, Email: xinhuiz@semi.ac.cn

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/032501

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Abstract: The magnetic dynamics of a thin Co2FeAl film epitaxially grown on GaAs substrate was investigated using the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr measurement under an out-of-plane external field. The intrinsic magnetic damping constant, which should do not vary with the external magnetic field, exhibits an abnormal huge increase when the precession frequency is tuned to be resonant with that of the coherent longitudinal acoustic phonon in the Co2FeAl/GaAs heterostructure. The experimental finding is suggested to result from the strong coherent energy transfer from spins to acoustic phonons via magnetoelastic effect under a resonant coupling condition, which leads to a huge energy dissipation of spins and a greatly enhanced magnetic damping in Co2FeAl. Our experimental findings provide an experimental evidence of spin pumping-like effect driven by propagating acoustic phonons via magnetoelastic effect, suggesting an alternative approach to the possible long-range spin manipulation via coherent acoustic waves.

Key words: magnetic damping, coherent longitudinal acoustic phonons, magnetoelastic effect, long-range spin manipulation



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Mizukami S, Watanabe D, Oogane M, et al. Low damping constant for Co2FeAl Heusler alloy films and its correlation with density of states. J Appl Phys, 2009, 105, 07D306 doi: 10.1063/1.3067607
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Sukegawa H, Wen Z, Kondou K, et al. Spin-transfer switching in full-Heusler Co2FeAl-based magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett, 2012, 100, 182403 doi: 10.1063/1.4710521
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Kikuchi R. On the minimum of magnetization reversal time. J Appl Phys, 1956, 27, 1352 doi: 10.1063/1.1722262
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Kamberský V. Spin-orbital Gilbert damping in common magnetic metals. Phys Rev B, 2007, 76, 134416 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.134416
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Hickey M C, Moodera J S. Origin of intrinsic Gilbert damping. Phys Rev Lett, 2009, 102, 137601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.137601
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He P, Ma X, Zhang J W, et al. Quadratic scaling of intrinsic Gilbert damping with spin-orbital coupling in L10 FePdPt films: Experiments and Ab initio calculations. Phys Rev Lett, 2013, 110, 077203 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.077203
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Devos A, Côte R, Caruyer G, et al. A different way of performing picosecond ultrasonic measurements in thin transparent films based on laser-wavelength effects. Appl Phys Lett, 2005, 86, 211903 doi: 10.1063/1.1929869
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Qiao S, Nie S, Zhao J, et al. Temperature dependent magnetic anisotropy of epitaxial Co2FeAl films grown on GaAs. J Appl Phys, 2015, 117, 093904 doi: 10.1063/1.4913949
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Qiao S, Nie S, Zhao J, et al. The thickness-dependent dynamic magnetic property of Co2FeAl films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Appl Phys Lett, 2014, 105, 172406 doi: 10.1063/1.4900792
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Miller J K, Qi J, Xu Y, et al. Near-bandgap wavelength dependence of long-lived traveling coherent longitudinal acoustic phonons in GaSb-GaAs heterostructures. Phys Rev B, 2006, 74, 113313 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.113313
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Yan W, Wang H, Zhao J, et al. Ultrafast optical probe of coherent acoustic phonons in Co2MnAl Heusler film. Chin Phys B, 2017, 26, 016802 doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/26/1/016802
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Fig. 1.  TR-MOKE response for 3 nm-thick Co2FeAl film with an external field of 1.15 T and its best fitting (red solid line). The inset shows the schematic diagram of application of external magnetic field.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
Fig. 3.  The typical time-resolved reflection responses and their best fits (red solid line) for Co2FeAl films with different thickness: (a) 3 nm-Co2FeAl measured at probe wavelength of 800 nm, (b) 45 nm-Co2FeAl measured at different probe wavelengths, (c) the extracted coherent acoustic phonon frequencies as a function of probe wavelength. The inset in panel (a) shows the schematic diagram of the experiment.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
Fig. 2.  For 3 nm-thick Co2FeAl film, (a) TR-MOKE responses measured at different magnetic fields and their fittings (red solid lines), (b) the extracted oscillatory frequency as a function of external magnetic fields (the black squares represent the magnetization precession frequency and the red solid line is its best fitting; the colored dots represent the phonon modes whose frequencies do not depend on the magnetic fields). The inset in panel (b) shows the FFT spectrum of the TR-MOKE data measured at H = 1.6 T.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
Fig. 4.  For 3 nm-thick Co2FeAl film: (a) the effective damping factors as a function of external magnetic fields, (b) the extracted magnetization relaxation time τM and acoustic phonon decay time τp.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint
[1]
Žutić I, Fabian J, Sarma S D. Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications. Rev Mod Phys, 2004, 76, 323 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.76.323
[2]
Brataas A, Kent A D, Ohno H. Current-induced torques in magnetic materials. Nat Mater, 2012, 11, 372 doi: 10.1038/nmat3311
[3]
de Groot R A, Mueller F M, van Engen P G, et al. New class of materials: Half-metallic ferromagnets. Phys Rev Lett, 1983, 50, 2024 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.2024
[4]
Kübler J, Williams A R, Sommers C B. Formation and coupling of magnetic moments in Heusler alloys. Phys Rev B, 1983, 28, 1745 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.28.1745
[5]
Ishida S, Fujii S, Kashiwagi S, et al. Search for Half-Metallic compounds in Co2MnZ (Z = IIIb, IVb, Vb Element). J Phys Soc Jpn, 1995, 64, 2152 doi: 10.1143/JPSJ.64.2152
[6]
Picozzi S, Continenza A, Freeman A J. Co2MnX (X = Si, Ge, Sn) Heusler compounds: An ab initio study of their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties at zero and elevated pressure. Phys Rev B, 2002, 66, 094421 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.094421
[7]
Webster P J. Magnetic and chemical order in Heusler alloys containing cobalt and manganese. J Phys Chem Solids, 1971, 32, 1221 doi: 10.1016/S0022-3697(71)80180-4
[8]
Mizukami S, Watanabe D, Oogane M, et al. Low damping constant for Co2FeAl Heusler alloy films and its correlation with density of states. J Appl Phys, 2009, 105, 07D306 doi: 10.1063/1.3067607
[9]
Sukegawa H, Wen Z, Kondou K, et al. Spin-transfer switching in full-Heusler Co2FeAl-based magnetic tunnel junctions. Appl Phys Lett, 2012, 100, 182403 doi: 10.1063/1.4710521
[10]
Kikuchi R. On the minimum of magnetization reversal time. J Appl Phys, 1956, 27, 1352 doi: 10.1063/1.1722262
[11]
Lee K, Kang S H. Development of embedded STT-MRAM for mobile system-on-chips. IEEE Trans Magn, 2011, 47, 131 doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2010.2075920
[12]
Kamberský V. Spin-orbital Gilbert damping in common magnetic metals. Phys Rev B, 2007, 76, 134416 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.134416
[13]
Hickey M C, Moodera J S. Origin of intrinsic Gilbert damping. Phys Rev Lett, 2009, 102, 137601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.137601
[14]
He P, Ma X, Zhang J W, et al. Quadratic scaling of intrinsic Gilbert damping with spin-orbital coupling in L10 FePdPt films: Experiments and Ab initio calculations. Phys Rev Lett, 2013, 110, 077203 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.077203
[15]
Yuan H C, Nie S H, Ma T P, et al. Different temperature scaling of strain induced magneto-crystalline anisotropy and Gilbert damping in Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs. Appl Phys Lett, 2014, 105, 072413 doi: 10.1063/1.4893949
[16]
Liu Y, Shelford L R, Kruglyak V V, et al. Optically induced magnetization dynamics and variation of damping parameter in epitaxial Co2MnSi Heusler alloy films. Phys Rev B, 2010, 81, 094402 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.094402
[17]
Woltersdorf G, Heinrich B. Two-magnon scattering in a self-assembled nanoscale network of misfit dislocations. Phys Rev B, 2004, 69, 184417 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.184417
[18]
Tserkovnyak Y, Brataas A, Bauer G E W. Enhanced Gilbert damping in thin ferromagnetic films. Phys Rev Lett, 2002, 88, 117601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.117601
[19]
Tserkovnyak Y, Brataas A, Bauer G E W. Spin pumping and magnetization dynamics metallic multilayers. Phys Rev B, 2002, 66, 224403 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.224403
[20]
Fukuma Y, Wang L, Idzuchi H, et al. Giant enhancement of spin accumulation and long-distance spin precession in metallic lateral spin valves. Nat Mater, 2011, 10, 527 doi: 10.1038/nmat3046
[21]
Weiler M, Dreher L, Heeg C, et al. Elastically driven ferromagnetic resonance in nickel thin films. Phys Rev Lett, 2011, 106, 117601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.117601
[22]
Weiler M, Huebl H, Goerg F S, et al. Spin pumping with coherent elastic waves. Phys Rev Lett, 2012, 108, 176601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.176601
[23]
Uchida K, An T, Kajiwara Y, et al. Surface-acoustic-wave-driven spin pumping in Y3Fe5O12/Pt hybrid structure. Appl Phys Lett, 2011, 99, 212501 doi: 10.1063/1.3662032
[24]
Li X, Labanowski D, Salahuddin S, et al. Spin wave generation by surface acoustic waves. J Appl Phys, 2107, 122, 043904 doi: 10.1063/1.4996102
[25]
Uchida K, Adachi H, An T, et al. Long-range spin Seebeck effect and acoustic spin pumping. Nat Mater, 2011, 10, 737 doi: 10.1038/nmat3099
[26]
Jaworski C M, Yang J, Mack S, et al. Spin-Seebeck effect: A phonon driven spin distribution. Phys Rev Lett, 2011, 106, 186601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.186601
[27]
Adachi H, Uchida K, Saitoh E, et al. Gigantic enhancement of spin Seebeck effect by phonon drag. Appl Phys Lett, 2010, 97, 252506 doi: 10.1063/1.3529944
[28]
Uchida K, Xiao J, Adachi H, et al. Spin Seebeck insulator. Nat Mater, 2010, 9, 894 doi: 10.1038/nmat2856
[29]
Korenev V L, Salewski M, Akimov I A, et al. Long-range p-d exchange interaction in a ferromagnet-semiconductor hybrid structure. Nat Phys, 2015, 12, 85 doi: 10.1038/nphys3497
[30]
Streib S, Keshtgar H, Bauer G E W. Damping of magnetization dynamics by phonon pumping. Phys Rev Lett, 2018, 121, 027202 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.027202
[31]
An K, Litvinenko A N, Kohno R, et al. Coherent long-range transfer of angular momentum between magnon Kittel modes by phonons. Phys Rev B, 2020, 101, 060407(R doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.101.060407
[32]
Ruckriegel A, Duine R A. Long-range phonon spin transport in ferromagnet/nonmagnetic insulator heterostructures. Phys Rev Lett, 2020, 124, 117201 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.117201
[33]
Devos A, Côte R, Caruyer G, et al. A different way of performing picosecond ultrasonic measurements in thin transparent films based on laser-wavelength effects. Appl Phys Lett, 2005, 86, 211903 doi: 10.1063/1.1929869
[34]
Liu W, Xie W, Guo W, et al. Coherent scattering of exciton polaritons and acoustic phonons in a ZnO single crystal. Phys Rev B, 2014, 89, 201201 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.201201
[35]
Suhl H. Ferromagnetic resonance in Nickel ferrite between one and two kilomegacycles. Phys Rev, 1954, 97, 555 doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.97.555.2
[36]
Qiao S, Nie S, Zhao J, et al. Temperature dependent magnetic anisotropy of epitaxial Co2FeAl films grown on GaAs. J Appl Phys, 2015, 117, 093904 doi: 10.1063/1.4913949
[37]
Qiao S, Nie S, Zhao J, et al. The thickness-dependent dynamic magnetic property of Co2FeAl films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Appl Phys Lett, 2014, 105, 172406 doi: 10.1063/1.4900792
[38]
Miller J K, Qi J, Xu Y, et al. Near-bandgap wavelength dependence of long-lived traveling coherent longitudinal acoustic phonons in GaSb-GaAs heterostructures. Phys Rev B, 2006, 74, 113313 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.113313
[39]
Matsuda O, Wright O B, Hurley D H, et al. Coherent shear phonon generation and detection with ultrashort optical pulses. Phys Rev Lett, 2004, 93, 095501 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.095501
[40]
Yan W, Wang H, Zhao J, et al. Ultrafast optical probe of coherent acoustic phonons in Co2MnAl Heusler film. Chin Phys B, 2017, 26, 016802 doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/26/1/016802
[41]
Thomsen C, Strait J, Vardeny Z, et al. Coherent phonon generation and detection by picosecond light pulses. Phys Rev Lett, 1984, 53, 989 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.53.989
[42]
Thomen C, Grahn H T, Marisetal H J, et al. Surface generation and detection of phonons by picosecond light pulses. Phys Rev B, 1986, 34, 4129 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.34.4129
[43]
Lin H N, Stoner R J, Maris H J, et al. Phonon attenuation and velocity measurements in transparent materials by picosecond acoustic interferometry. J Appl Phys, 1991, 69, 3816 doi: 10.1063/1.348958
[44]
Aspnes D E, Kelso S M, Logan R A, et al. Optical properties of AlxGa1−xAs. J Appl Phys, 1986, 60, 754 doi: 10.1063/1.337426
[45]
Blakemore J S. Semiconducting and other major properties of gallium arsenide. J Appl Phys, 1982, 53, R123 doi: 10.1063/1.331665
[46]
Popović Z V, Spitzer J, Ruf T, et al. Folded acoustic phonons in GaAs/AlAs corrugated superlattices grown along the [311] direction. Phys Rev B, 1993, 48, 1659 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.48.1659
[47]
Saito T, Matsuda O, Wright O B. Picosecond acoustic phonon pulse generation in nickel and chromium. Phys Rev B, 2003, 67, 205421 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.205421
[48]
Chikazumi S. Physics of Ferromagnetism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997
[49]
Bömmel H, Dransfield K. Excitation of hypersonic waves by ferromagnetic resonance. Phys Rev Lett, 1959, 3, 83 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.3.83
[50]
Schlomann E. Generation of phonons in high-power ferromagnetic resonance experiments. J Appl Phys, 1960, 31, 1647 doi: 10.1063/1.1735909
[51]
Seavey M H. Microwave phonon generation by thin magnetic films. IEEE Trans Ultrason Eng, 1963, 10(1), 49 doi: 10.1109/T-UE.1963.29301
[52]
Ignatchenko V A, Kuzmin E V. Magnetoelastic interaction in a thin magnetic film. J Appl Phys, 1968, 39, 494 doi: 10.1063/1.2163499
[53]
Seavey M H. Boundary-value problem for magnetoelastic waves in a metallic film. Phys Rev, 1968, 170, 560 doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.170.560
[54]
Yamaguchi S, Tahara T. Coherent acoustic phonons in a thin gold film probed by femtosecond surface plasmon resonance. J Raman Spectrosc, 2008, 39, 1703 doi: 10.1002/jrs.2078
[55]
Liu Y, Shelford L R, Kruglyak V V, et al. Ultrafast optical modification of magnetic anisotropy and stimulated precession in an epitaxial Co2MnAl thin film. J Appl Phys, 2007, 101, 09C106 doi: 10.1063/1.2711702
[56]
Qiao S, Nie S, Zhao J, et al. Magnetic and Gilbert damping properties of L21-Co2FeAl film grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Appl Phys Lett, 2013, 103, 152402 doi: 10.1063/1.4824654
[57]
Li T, Yan W, Zhang X, et al. Off-stoichiometry effect on magnetic damping in thin films of Heusler alloy Co2MnSi. Phys Rev B, 2020, 101, 174410 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.101.174410
[58]
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    Received: 18 January 2021 Revised: 10 February 2021 Online: Accepted Manuscript: 22 February 2021Uncorrected proof: 23 February 2021Published: 10 March 2021

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      Article Navigation >  Journal of Semiconductors  > 2021  >  42(3): 032501
      Lin Song, Wei Yan, Hailong Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Xinhui Zhang. Resonant enhancement of magnetic damping driven by coherent acoustic phonons in thin Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2021, 42(3): 032501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/032501 ****L Song, W Yan, H L Wang, J H Zhao, X H Zhang, Resonant enhancement of magnetic damping driven by coherent acoustic phonons in thin Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs[J]. J. Semicond., 2021, 42(3): 032501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/032501.
      Citation:
      Lin Song, Wei Yan, Hailong Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Xinhui Zhang. Resonant enhancement of magnetic damping driven by coherent acoustic phonons in thin Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2021, 42(3): 032501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/032501 ****
      L Song, W Yan, H L Wang, J H Zhao, X H Zhang, Resonant enhancement of magnetic damping driven by coherent acoustic phonons in thin Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs[J]. J. Semicond., 2021, 42(3): 032501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/032501.
      shu

      Resonant enhancement of magnetic damping driven by coherent acoustic phonons in thin Co2FeAl film epitaxied on GaAs

      DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/3/032501
      • 1.

        State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China

      • 2.

        Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

      • 3.

        Laser Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266000, China

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      • Lin Song：is currently a graduate student at the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. She received her B.S. degree of Applied Physics from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications in 2018. Her current interests focus on the ultrafast excitation of the collective spins and magnetization kinetics in the ferromagnet/semiconductor heterostructures
      • Xinhui Zhang：is a professor at the Institute of Semiconductors (IOS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). She received her B.S. and M.S. degrees from Shaanxi Normal University, in 1991 and 1994 respectively, and PhD degree from the Institute of Physics, CAS in 1997. From 1997 to 2005, she worked as postdoc and research associate at Lund University (Sweden); College of William and Mary (USA); The University of Oklahoma (USA); and University of Moncton (Canada), respectively. Since 2006, she worked as a professor at IOS, CAS. Her current research interests focus on the ultrafast spin dynamics in the low-dimensional semiconductors and ferromagnet/semiconductor heterostructures
      • Corresponding author: Email: xinhuiz@semi.ac.cn
      • Received Date: 2021-01-18
      • Revised Date: 2021-02-10
      • Published Date: 2021-03-10

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