E Kang, S Anwar, M T Ahmadi, R Ismail. The impact of germanium in strained Si/relaxed Si1-xGex on carrier performance in non-degenerate and degenerate regimes[J]. J. Semicond., 2013, 34(6): 062001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/6/062001.
EngSiew Kang 1, , , S Anwar 2, , M T Ahmadi 1, and Razali Ismail 1,
Abstract: The impact of the fraction of germanium on the carrier performance of two-dimensional strained silicon, which embraces both the non-degenerate and degenerate regimes, is developed. In this model, the Fermi integral of order zero is employed. The impact of the fraction of germanium on the relaxed Si1-xGex substrate (x), carrier concentration and temperature is reported. It is revealed that the effect of x on the hole concentration is dominant for a normalized Fermi energy of more than three, or in other words the non-degenerate regime. On the contrary, the x gradient has less influence in the degenerate regime. Furthermore, by increasing x there is an increase in the intrinsic velocity, particularly with high carrier concentration and temperature.
Key words: germanium, intrinsic velocity, SiGe, hole concentration, two dimensional
Abstract: The impact of the fraction of germanium on the carrier performance of two-dimensional strained silicon, which embraces both the non-degenerate and degenerate regimes, is developed. In this model, the Fermi integral of order zero is employed. The impact of the fraction of germanium on the relaxed Si1-xGex substrate (x), carrier concentration and temperature is reported. It is revealed that the effect of x on the hole concentration is dominant for a normalized Fermi energy of more than three, or in other words the non-degenerate regime. On the contrary, the x gradient has less influence in the degenerate regime. Furthermore, by increasing x there is an increase in the intrinsic velocity, particularly with high carrier concentration and temperature.
Key words:
germanium, intrinsic velocity, SiGe, hole concentration, two dimensional
References:
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Vogelsang T, Hofmann K R. Electron mobilities and high-field drift velocities in strained silicon on silicon-germanium substrate[J]. Proc 50th Annu Device Res Conf Dig, 1992: 34. |
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Kumar M J, Venkataraman V, Nawal S. A simple analytical threshold voltage model of nanoscale single-layer fully depleted strained-silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs[J]. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2006, 53(10): 2500. doi: 10.1109/TED.2006.882041 |
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Rim K, Hoyt J L, Gibbons J F. Fabrication and analysis of deep submicron strained-Si n-MOSFET's[J]. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2000, 47: 1406. doi: 10.1109/16.848284 |
[5] |
Saad I, Riyadi M A, Taghi M. Analytical analysis of ballistic drift velocity in low-dimensional nano-devices[J]. Fourth Asia International Conference on Mathematica/Analytical Modeling and Computer Simulation, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 2010: 601. |
[6] |
Ahmadi M T, Lau H H, Ismail R. Current-voltage characteristic of a silicon nanowire transistor[J]. Microelectron J, 2009, 40: 547. doi: 10.1016/j.mejo.2008.06.060 |
[7] |
Arora V K. High-field distribution and mobility in semiconductors[J]. Jpn J Appl Phys, 1985, 24: 537. doi: 10.1143/JJAP.24.537 |
[8] |
Lime F, Andrieu F, Derx J. Low temperature characterization of effective mobility in uniaxially and biaxially strained nMOSFETs[J]. Solid-State Electron, 2006, 50(4): 644. doi: 10.1016/j.sse.2006.03.036 |
[9] |
Tinoco J C, Garcia R, Iniguez B. Threshold voltage model for bulk strained-silicon NMOSFETs[J]. Semicond Sci Technol, 2008, 23(3): 035017. doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/23/3/035017 |
[10] |
Nayfeh H M, Hoyt J L, Antoniadis D A. A physically based analytical model for the threshold voltage of strained-Si n-MOSFETs[J]. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2004, 51(12): 2069. doi: 10.1109/TED.2004.838320 |
[11] |
Briggs P J, Walker A B, Herbert D C. Modelling the influence of high currents on the cutoff frequency in Si/SiGe/Si heterojunction transistors[J]. Semicond Sci Technol, 1998, 13: 468. doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/13/5/005 |
[12] |
Riyadi M A, Ahmadi M T, Susendo J E. Physics-based simulation of carrier velocity in 2-dimensional P-type MOSFET[J]. Third Asia International Conference on Modeling & Simulation, 2009: 735. |
[13] |
Arora V K. Quantum engineering of nanoelectronic devices[J]. Microelectron J, 2000, 31(11/12): 853. |
[14] |
Ahmadi M T, Ismail R, Tan M L P. The ultimate ballistic drift velocity in carbon nanotubes[J]. J Nanomater, 2008, 2008: 769250. |
[1] |
Vogelsang T, Hofmann K R. Electron mobilities and high-field drift velocities in strained silicon on silicon-germanium substrate[J]. Proc 50th Annu Device Res Conf Dig, 1992: 34. |
[2] |
Kumar M J, Venkataraman V, Nawal S. A simple analytical threshold voltage model of nanoscale single-layer fully depleted strained-silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs[J]. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2006, 53(10): 2500. doi: 10.1109/TED.2006.882041 |
[3] |
Rim K, Anderson R, Boyd D. Strained Si CMOS (SS CMOS) technology:opportunities and challenges[J]. Solid-State Electron, 2003, 47: 1133. doi: 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00041-8 |
[4] |
Rim K, Hoyt J L, Gibbons J F. Fabrication and analysis of deep submicron strained-Si n-MOSFET's[J]. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2000, 47: 1406. doi: 10.1109/16.848284 |
[5] |
Saad I, Riyadi M A, Taghi M. Analytical analysis of ballistic drift velocity in low-dimensional nano-devices[J]. Fourth Asia International Conference on Mathematica/Analytical Modeling and Computer Simulation, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 2010: 601. |
[6] |
Ahmadi M T, Lau H H, Ismail R. Current-voltage characteristic of a silicon nanowire transistor[J]. Microelectron J, 2009, 40: 547. doi: 10.1016/j.mejo.2008.06.060 |
[7] |
Arora V K. High-field distribution and mobility in semiconductors[J]. Jpn J Appl Phys, 1985, 24: 537. doi: 10.1143/JJAP.24.537 |
[8] |
Lime F, Andrieu F, Derx J. Low temperature characterization of effective mobility in uniaxially and biaxially strained nMOSFETs[J]. Solid-State Electron, 2006, 50(4): 644. doi: 10.1016/j.sse.2006.03.036 |
[9] |
Tinoco J C, Garcia R, Iniguez B. Threshold voltage model for bulk strained-silicon NMOSFETs[J]. Semicond Sci Technol, 2008, 23(3): 035017. doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/23/3/035017 |
[10] |
Nayfeh H M, Hoyt J L, Antoniadis D A. A physically based analytical model for the threshold voltage of strained-Si n-MOSFETs[J]. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2004, 51(12): 2069. doi: 10.1109/TED.2004.838320 |
[11] |
Briggs P J, Walker A B, Herbert D C. Modelling the influence of high currents on the cutoff frequency in Si/SiGe/Si heterojunction transistors[J]. Semicond Sci Technol, 1998, 13: 468. doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/13/5/005 |
[12] |
Riyadi M A, Ahmadi M T, Susendo J E. Physics-based simulation of carrier velocity in 2-dimensional P-type MOSFET[J]. Third Asia International Conference on Modeling & Simulation, 2009: 735. |
[13] |
Arora V K. Quantum engineering of nanoelectronic devices[J]. Microelectron J, 2000, 31(11/12): 853. |
[14] |
Ahmadi M T, Ismail R, Tan M L P. The ultimate ballistic drift velocity in carbon nanotubes[J]. J Nanomater, 2008, 2008: 769250. |
E Kang, S Anwar, M T Ahmadi, R Ismail. The impact of germanium in strained Si/relaxed Si1-xGex on carrier performance in non-degenerate and degenerate regimes[J]. J. Semicond., 2013, 34(6): 062001. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/6/062001.
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Manuscript received: 03 October 2012 Manuscript revised: 24 December 2012 Online: Published: 01 June 2013
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