REVIEWS

A recent advances of blue perovskite light emitting diodes for next generation displays

Yung Jin Yoon and Jin Young Kim

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Jin Young Kim, jykim@unist.ac.kr

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Abstract: The halide perovskite blue light emitting diodes (PeLEDs) attracted many researchers because of its fascinating optoelectrical properties. This review introduces the recent progress of blue PeLEDs which focuses on emissive layers and interlayers. The emissive layer covers three types of perovskite structures: perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs), 2-dimensional (2D) and quasi-2D perovskites, and bulk (3D) perovskites. We will discuss about the remaining challenges of blue PeLEDs, such as limited performances, device instability issues, which should be solved for blue PeLEDs to realize next generation displays.

Key words: halide perovskitelight emitting diodesblue emission



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Fig. 1.  (Color online) Synthesis and engineering methods of PeNCs to improve the performance of the blue PeLEDs. Schematic diagrams of synthesis method of the blue emissive PeNCs through (a) hot injection method, (b) LARP method[20], and (c) halide exchange method[23]. Copyright © 2015, American Chemical Society. Schematic diagrams of strategy to improve the blue PeLEDs through (d) ligand exchange method[28], (e) halide defect passivation method[35], and (f) bipolar shell strategy on PeNCs[18]. Copyright © 2016, John Wiley and Sons, Copyright © 2020, American Chemical Society. Copyright © 2020, Springer Nature.

Fig. 2.  (Color online) (a) Schematic diagrams of the Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite and quasi-2D perovskites[44]. Copyright © 2019, Springer Nature. (b) Emission spectra and (c) absorption spectra of quasi-2D perovskites with control of n values by adjustments of optical spacing molecule concentration[56]. Copyright © 2018, Springer Nature. (d) Schematic diagram of energy transfer in a quasi-2D perovskite film with mixed n values[45]. Copyright © 2019, Springer Nature. Operational stability of blue PeLEDs based on quasi-2D perovskite with (e) single halide composition[44] and (f) mixed halide composition[52]. Copyright © 2019 and 2020, Springer Nature.

Fig. 3.  (Color online) (a) Surface images of bulk (3D) perovskite with varying Cl contents in the film and (b) corresponding PL spectra of bulk perovskites[60]. Copyright © 2015, American Chemical Society. EL spectra operated under different applied voltages of the blue PeLEDs based on the (c) single A site perovskite (CsPbX3)[65] and (d) triple A site perovskite ((Cs/MA/FA)PbX3)[61]. Copyright © 2021, American Chemical Society. Copyright © 2017, John Wiley and Sons.

Fig. 4.  (Color online) (a) Energy levels of various charge transport/ injection layer materials with blue emissive perovskite. (b) TFB/PFI bilayer structure strategy to reduce hole injection barrier[72]. Copyright © 2018, John Wiley and Sons. (c) Dipole assisted energy level tuning strategy to reduce hole injection barrier[75]. Copyright © 2019, John Wiley and Sons. (d) Interfacial engineering with thin insulating layer to prevent leakage current[62]. Copyright © 2020, American Chemical Society.

Table 1.   Recent advances of blue PeLEDs.

TypePerovskite formationEmission peak
(nm)
Lmax
(cd/m2)
EQE
(%)
Ref
NanocrystalCsPb(Br0.75/Cl0.25)34527420.07[25]
CsPb(Br/Cl)3490351.9[28]
CsPb(Br0.7/Cl0.3)34613181.2[30]
CsPb(Br/Cl)34966032.6[34]
CsPb(Br0.59/Cl0.41)34714656.3[35]
CsPbBr347925012.3[18]
Quasi-2DOLA2MA2Pb3Br1045610.024[46]
PEOA2MAn–1PbnBr3n+1 (n = 1, 2, 3)480, 494, 508191.1[48]
EA2MAn1PbnBr3n+1473, 4851002.6[49]
(PEA/GA)2Csn1PbnBr3n+149210038.2[51]
PEA2(Cs1–xEAxPbBr3)2PbBr4488219112.1[52]
(PEA/DPPA)2Csn1Pbn(Br0.67/Cl0.33) 3n+1 (n > 3)4734828.8[53]
3DMAPb(Br0.36/Cl0.64)348220.0001[58]
(Cs/MA/FA)Pb(Br0.5/Cl0.5)347535671.7[61]
(Cs/Rb/FA/PEA/K)Pb(Br0.48/Cl0.48)348440152.01[62]
CsPb(Br0.65/Cl0.35)348293524.13[66]
(Cs/FA)Pb(Br0.6/Cl0.4)3477218011.0[63]
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    Received: 02 July 2021 Revised: 18 August 2021 Online: Accepted Manuscript: 26 August 2021Uncorrected proof: 31 August 2021Published: 15 October 2021

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      Yung Jin Yoon, Jin Young Kim. A recent advances of blue perovskite light emitting diodes for next generation displays[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2021, 42(10): 101608. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/10/101608 Y J Yoon, J Y Kim, A recent advances of blue perovskite light emitting diodes for next generation displays[J]. J. Semicond., 2021, 42(10): 101608. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/10/101608.Export: BibTex EndNote
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      Yung Jin Yoon, Jin Young Kim. A recent advances of blue perovskite light emitting diodes for next generation displays[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2021, 42(10): 101608. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/10/101608

      Y J Yoon, J Y Kim, A recent advances of blue perovskite light emitting diodes for next generation displays[J]. J. Semicond., 2021, 42(10): 101608. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/10/101608.
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      A recent advances of blue perovskite light emitting diodes for next generation displays

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/42/10/101608
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      • Author Bio:

        Yung Jin Yoon got his BS degree in 2013 and Ph.D. degree in 2021 at UNIST. Then he joined Next Generation Energy Laboratory in UNST as a postdoc. His research focuses on optoelectronic devices based on halide perovskites

        Jin Young Kim is a professor of the UNIST. He received Ph.D. Degree from the Pusan National University in 2005. His current research topics include organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, perovskite light emitting diodes, and water splitting devices

      • Corresponding author: jykim@unist.ac.kr
      • Received Date: 2021-07-02
      • Revised Date: 2021-08-18
      • Published Date: 2021-10-10

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