A reconfigurable multi-mode multi-band transmitter with integrated frequency synthesizer for short-range wireless communication

Nan Qi; Fan Chen; Lingwei Zhang; Xiaoman Wang; Baoyong Chi

doi:10.1088/1674-4926/34/9/095008

J. Semicond. > 2013, Volume 34 > Issue 9 > 095008

SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

A reconfigurable multi-mode multi-band transmitter with integrated frequency synthesizer for short-range wireless communication

Nan Qi, Fan Chen, Lingwei Zhang, Xiaoman Wang and Baoyong Chi

+ Author Affiliations

Corresponding author: Qi Nan, Email:qin05@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/9/095008

Abstract: A reconfigurable multi-mode direct-conversion transmitter (TX) with integrated frequency synthesizer (FS) is presented. The TX as well as the FS is designed with a flexible architecture and frequency plan, which helps to support all the 433/868/915 MHz ISM band signals, with the reconfigurable bandwidth from 250 kHz to 2 MHz. In order to save power and chip area, only one 1.8 GHz VCO is adopted to cover the whole frequency range. All the operation modes can be regulated in real time by configuring the integrated register-bank through an SPI interface. Implemented in 180 nm CMOS, the FS achieves a frequency coverage of 320-460 MHz and 620-920 MHz. The lowest phase noise can be -107 dBc/Hz at a 100 kHz offset and -126 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset. The transmitter features a +10.2 dBm peak output power with a +9.5 dBm 1-dB-compression point and 250 kHz/500 kHz/1 MHz/2 MHz reconfigurable signal bandwidth.

Key words: transmitter, frequency synthesizer, multi-mode multi-band, reconfigurable, CMOS

References

[1]	Wong A, Kathiresan G, Chan C, et al. A 1 V wireless transceiver for an ultra-low-power SoC for biotelemetry applications. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(7):1511 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.923717
[2]	Quinlan P, Crowley P, Chanca M, et al. A multimode 0.3-200-kb/s transceiver for the 433/868/915-MHz bands in 0.25-μm CMOS. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2004, 39(12):2297 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2004.836330
[3]	Zhang Qi, Kuang Xiaofei, Wu Nanjian. An ultra-low-power RF transceiver for WBANs in medical applications. Journal of Semiconductors, 2011, 32(6):065008 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/32/6/065008
[4]	Peiris V, Arm C, Bories S, et al. A 1 V 433/868 MHz 25 kb/s-FSK 2 kb/s-OOK RF transceiver SoC in standard digital 0.18μm CMOS. IEEE ISSCC Dige Tec Papers, 2005, 48:258
[5]	Zhang Lingwei, Chi Baoyong, Qi Nan, et al. A lower power reconfigurable multi-band transceiver for short-range communication. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(3):035008 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035008
[6]	Gu Qizheng. RF system design of transceivers for wireless communications. New York:Springer, 2005:350 http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1941742
[7]	Singh U, Green M M. High-frequency CML clock dividers in 0.13-μm CMOS operating up to 38 GHz. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2005, 40(8):1658 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2005.852420
[8]	Kim S, Lepkowski W, Wilk S, et al. A low-power CMOS BFSK transceiver for health monitoring systems. IEEE Biomedical Circ Syst Conf, 2011:157 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6107751/keywords

Fig. 1. The system architecture of the reconfigurable multi-band transmitter with integrated FS

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Fig. 2. Schematic of the multi-mode third order LPF

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Fig. 3. Schematic of the two-stage power amplifier (PA)

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Fig. 4. Detailed block diagram of the dual-band frequency synthesizer

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Fig. 5. Schematic of the (a) VCO and (b) CML divider

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Fig. 6. Diagram and schematic of the multiplexer and its buffers

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Fig. 7. (a) Photograph of the bare die, and (b) the measurement platform

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Fig. 8. Measured frequency coverage of the 1.8 GHz VCO

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Fig. 9. Closed-loop phase noise performances at different operation modes

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Fig. 10. The settling process of the closed-loop frequency synthesizer

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Fig. 11. The tested low-pass filtering at different operation modes

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Fig. 12. The measured output power of the transmitter

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Table 1. Gain and dynamic range arrangements

Table 2. Performance summary

[1]	Wong A, Kathiresan G, Chan C, et al. A 1 V wireless transceiver for an ultra-low-power SoC for biotelemetry applications. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(7):1511 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.923717
[2]	Quinlan P, Crowley P, Chanca M, et al. A multimode 0.3-200-kb/s transceiver for the 433/868/915-MHz bands in 0.25-μm CMOS. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2004, 39(12):2297 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2004.836330
[3]	Zhang Qi, Kuang Xiaofei, Wu Nanjian. An ultra-low-power RF transceiver for WBANs in medical applications. Journal of Semiconductors, 2011, 32(6):065008 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/32/6/065008
[4]	Peiris V, Arm C, Bories S, et al. A 1 V 433/868 MHz 25 kb/s-FSK 2 kb/s-OOK RF transceiver SoC in standard digital 0.18μm CMOS. IEEE ISSCC Dige Tec Papers, 2005, 48:258
[5]	Zhang Lingwei, Chi Baoyong, Qi Nan, et al. A lower power reconfigurable multi-band transceiver for short-range communication. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(3):035008 doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035008
[6]	Gu Qizheng. RF system design of transceivers for wireless communications. New York:Springer, 2005:350 http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1941742
[7]	Singh U, Green M M. High-frequency CML clock dividers in 0.13-μm CMOS operating up to 38 GHz. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2005, 40(8):1658 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2005.852420
[8]	Kim S, Lepkowski W, Wilk S, et al. A low-power CMOS BFSK transceiver for health monitoring systems. IEEE Biomedical Circ Syst Conf, 2011:157 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6107751/keywords

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Received: 23 February 2013 Revised: Online: Published: 01 September 2013

A reconfigurable multi-mode direct-conversion transmitter (TX) with integrated frequency synthesizer (FS) is presented. The TX as well as the FS is designed with a flexible architecture and frequency plan, which helps to support all the 433/868/915 MHz ISM band signals, with the reconfigurable bandwidth from 250 kHz to 2 MHz. In order to save power and chip area, only one 1.8 GHz VCO is adopted to cover the whole frequency range. All the operation modes can be regulated in real time by configuring the integrated register-bank through an SPI interface. Implemented in 180 nm CMOS, the FS achieves a frequency coverage of 320-460 MHz and 620-920 MHz. The lowest phase noise can be -107 dBc/Hz at a 100 kHz offset and -126 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset. The transmitter features a +10.2 dBm peak output power with a +9.5 dBm 1-dB-compression point and 250 kHz/500 kHz/1 MHz/2 MHz reconfigurable signal bandwidth.

A reconfigurable multi-mode multi-band transmitter with integrated frequency synthesizer for short-range wireless communication

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