Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS<sub>2</sub> homojunction

Jingzhi Fang; Huading Song; Bo Li; Ziqi Zhou; Juehan Yang; Benchuan Lin; Zhimin Liao; Zhongming Wei

doi:10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501

J. Semicond. > 2022, Volume 43 > Issue 9 > 092501

ARTICLES

Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction

Jingzhi Fang^{1, 2, 3, 4}, Huading Song³, Bo Li⁵, Ziqi Zhou^{1, 2, 3}, Juehan Yang^{1, 2}, Benchuan Lin⁴, Zhimin Liao^3, and Zhongming Wei^{1, 2,}

+ Author Affiliations

1. State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
4. Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
5. Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

Author Bio:

is a Ph.D. candidate at Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests focus on the low-temperature transport properties of two-dimensional magnetic semiconductors and magnetic topological insulators, as well as the construction of two-dimensional magnetic material heterostructures.

received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in 2002 and 2007, respectively. He joined Peking University as a Lecturer in April 2007, and was then promoted to an Associate Professor, Associate Professor with tenure, and Boya Distinguished Professor in 2011, 2017 and 2019, respectively. His research focuses on quantum transport properties of low-dimensional materials and their applications in nanoelectronics.

received his B.S. from Wuhan University in 2005, and Ph.D. from Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. From August 2010 to January 2015, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow and then Assistant Professor at University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Currently, he is a Professor at the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include low-dimensional semiconductors and their optoelectronic devices.

Corresponding author: Zhimin Liao, liaozm@pku.edu.cn; Zhongming Wei, zmwei@semi.ac.cn

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501

Abstract: A magnetic semiconductor whose electronic charge and spin can be regulated together will be an important component of future spintronic devices. Here, we construct a two-dimensional (2D) Fe doped SnS₂ (Fe-SnS₂) homogeneous junction and investigate its electromagnetic transport feature. The Fe-SnS₂ homojunction device showed large positive and unsaturated magnetoresistance (MR) of 1800% in the parallel magnetic field and 600% in the vertical magnetic field, indicating an obvious anisotropic MR feature. In contrast, The MR of Fe-SnS₂ homojunction is much larger than the pure diamagnetic SnS₂ and most 2D materials. The application of a gate voltage can regulate the MR effect of Fe-SnS₂ homojunction devices. Moreover, the stability of Fe-SnS₂ in air has great application potential. Our Fe-SnS₂ homojunction has a significant potential in future magnetic memory applications.

Key words: magnetic semiconductor, homojunction, magnetoresistance, MR anisotropic

References

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[24]	Yang L, Wu H, Zhang W, et al. Ta doping enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism in 2D semiconducting MoTe₂ nanosheets. Adv Electrin Mater, 2019, 5, 1900552 doi: 10.1002/aelm.201900552
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Fig. 1. (Color online) Characterization of the Fe-SnS₂ flakes. (a) The atomic structure of Fe-SnS₂. One Sn atom is replaced by one Fe atom and surrounded by six Sn atoms. (b) Raman spectra of Fe-SnS₂ and SnS₂ flakes. (c) EDS of the Fe-SnS₂ flake. Inset is a partially enlarged view of the characteristic peaks of Fe. (d) Low-resolution TEM image of the Fe-SnS₂ flake. (e) High resolution TEM image of Fe-SnS₂ flake. (f) SAED patterns of Fe-SnS₂ flake.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 2. (Color online) (a) Schematic diagram of Fe-SnS₂ homojunction device. (b) AFM image of a typical device. On the right-hand is the corresponding optical microscope image, and the relative direction of the applied magnetic field is marked. The scale is 5 μm. (c) I–V_ds curves at zero magnetic field, 14 T vertical magnetic field and 14 T parallel magnetic field. The inset is an enlarged view of the conduction part.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 3. (Color online) MR of the Fe-SnS₂ homojunction device under parallel magnetic field. (a) I–V_ds curves under different magnetic fields. (b) Dependence of MR on magnetic field extracted from I_ds–B curves at V_ds = –7 V. (c) Extracted MR as a function of bias based on the I–V_ds curves at zero magnetic field and 14 T. There is a peak value of MR at V_ds ~ –6.5 V.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 4. (Color online) MR of the Fe-SnS₂ homojunction device under vertical magnetic field. (a) I–V_ds curves under different magnetic fields. (b) Dependence of MR on magnetic field extracted from I_ds–B curves at V_ds = –7 V. The magnetic field direction is vertical to the device plane. (c) Extracted MR as a function of bias based on the I–V_ds curves at zero magnetic field and 14 T. There is a peak value of MR at V_ds ~ –6.2 V.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

Fig. 5. (Color online) V_g dependence of the Fe-SnS₂ homojunction device. I–V_ds curves under different gate voltages in (a) parallel and (b) vertical magnetic fields. The black line is the curve at 14 T and the red line is the curve at zero magnetic field. At large negative V_g (–8 V and –5 V), MR tends to infinity under parallel magnetic field.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]	Gong C, Zhang X. Two-dimensional magnetic crystals and emergent heterostructure devices. Science, 2019, 363, 706 doi: 10.1126/science.aav4450
[2]	Song T, Cai X, Tu M W, et al. Giant tunneling magnetoresistance in spin-filter van der Waals heterostructures. Science, 2018, 360, 1214 doi: 10.1126/science.aar4851
[3]	Bhatti S, Sbiaa R, Hirohata A, et al. Spintronics based random access memory: a review. Mater Today, 2017, 20, 530 doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2017.07.007
[4]	Wang Z, Gutierrez-Lezama I, Ubrig N, et al. Very large tunneling magnetoresistance in layered magnetic semiconductor CrI₃. Nat Commun, 2018, 9, 2516 doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04953-8
[5]	Ikeda S, Hayakawa J, Ashizawa Y, et al. Tunnel magnetoresistance of 604% at 300 K by suppression of Ta diffusion in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB pseudo-spin-valves annealed at high temperature. Appl Phys Lett, 2008, 93, 082508 doi: 10.1063/1.2976435
[6]	Ikeda S, Miura K, Yamamoto H, et al. A perpendicular-anisotropy CoFeB-MgO magnetic tunnel junction. Nat Mater, 2010, 9, 721 doi: 10.1038/nmat2804
[7]	Niu R, Zhu W. Materials and possible mechanisms of extremely large magnetoresistance: a review. J Phys: Condens Matter, 2022, 34, 113001 doi: 10.1088/1361-648X/ac3b24
[8]	Ali M, Xiong J, Flynn S, et al. Large, non-saturating magnetoresistance in WTe₂. Nature, 2014, 514, 205 doi: 10.1038/nature13763
[9]	Dietl T, Ohno H. Dilute ferromagnetic semiconductors: Physics and spintronic structures. Rev Mod Phys, 2014, 86, 187 doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.86.187
[10]	Dietl T. A ten-year perspective on dilute magnetic semiconductors and oxides. Nat Mater, 2010, 9, 965 doi: 10.1038/nmat2898
[11]	Ramasubramaniam A, Naveh D. Mn-doped monolayer MoS₂: An atomically thin dilute magnetic semiconductor. Phys Rev B, 2013, 87, 195201 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.195201
[12]	Loh L, Zhang Z, Bosman M, et al. Substitutional doping in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. Nano Res, 2021, 14, 1668 doi: 10.1007/s12274-020-3013-4
[13]	Tedstone A A, Lewis D J, O’Brien P. Synthesis, properties, and applications of transition metal-doped layered transition metal dichalcogenides. Chem Mater, 2016, 28, 1965 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00430
[14]	Fang J Z, Zhou Z Z, Xiao M Q, et al. Recent advances in low-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials and their applications in high-performance photodetectors. InfoMat, 2019, 2, 291 doi: 10.1002/inf2.12067
[15]	Hossain M, Qin B, Li B, et al. Synthesis, characterization, properties and applications of two-dimensional magnetic materials. Nano Today, 2022, 42, 101338 doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101338
[16]	Kochat V, Apte A, Hachtel J A, et al. Re Doping in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides as a new route to tailor structural phases and induced magnetism. Adv Mater, 2017, 29, 1703754 doi: 10.1002/adma.201703754
[17]	Li B, Xing T, Zhong M Z, et al. A two-dimensional Fe-doped SnS₂ magnetic semiconductor. Nat Commun, 2017, 8, 1958 doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02077-z
[18]	Bouzid H, Sahoo R, Yun S J, et al. Multiple magnetic phases in van der Waals Mn-doped SnS₂ semiconductor. Adv Func Mater, 2021, 31, 2102560 doi: 10.1002/adfm.202102560
[19]	Li B. Huang L, Zhong M Z, et al. Synthesis and transport properties of large-scale alloy Co_0.16Mo_0.84S₂ bilayer nanosheets. ACS Nano, 2015, 9, 1257 doi: 10.1021/nn505048y
[20]	Zhou J, Lin J, Sims H, et al. Synthesis of Co-doped MoS₂ monolayers with enhanced valley splitting. Adv Mater, 2020, 32, 1906536 doi: 10.1002/adma.201906536
[21]	Coelho P M, Komsa H, Lasek K, et al. Room-temperature ferromagnetism in MoTe₂ by post-growth incorporation of vanadium impurities. Adv Elec Mater, 2019, 5, 1900044 doi: 10.1002/aelm.201900044
[22]	Fu S, Kang K, Shayan K, et al. Enabling room temperature ferromagnetism in monolayer MoS₂ via in situ iron-doping. Nat Commun, 2020, 11, 2034 doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15877-7
[23]	Pham Y T H, Liu M, Jimenez V O, et al. Tunable ferromagnetism and thermally induced spin flip in vanadium-doped tungsten diselenide monolayers at room temperature. Adv Mater, 2020, 32, 2003607 doi: 10.1002/adma.202003607
[24]	Yang L, Wu H, Zhang W, et al. Ta doping enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism in 2D semiconducting MoTe₂ nanosheets. Adv Electrin Mater, 2019, 5, 1900552 doi: 10.1002/aelm.201900552
[25]	Yun S J, Duong D L, Ha D M, et al. Ferromagnetic order at room temperature in monolayer WSe₂ semiconductor via vanadium dopant. Adv Sci, 2020, 7, 1903076 doi: 10.1002/advs.201903076
[26]	Zhang F, Zheng B, Sebastian A, et al. Monolayer vanadium-doped tungsten disulfide: A room-temperature dilute magnetic semiconductor. Adv Sci, 2020, 7, 2001174 doi: 10.1002/advs.202001174
[27]	Huang B, Clark G, Klein D, et al. Electrical control of 2D magnetism in bilayer CrI₃. Nat Nanotech, 2018, 13, 544 doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0121-3
[28]	Jiang S, Li L, Wang Z, et al. Controlling magnetism in 2D CrI₃ by electrostatic doping. Nat Nanotech, 2018, 13, 549 doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0135-x
[29]	Jiang S, Shan J, Mak K F. Electric-field switching of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets. Nat Mater, 2018, 17, 406 doi: 10.1038/s41563-018-0040-6
[30]	Huang B, Clark G, Navarro-Moratalla E, et al. Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit. Nature, 2017, 546, 270 doi: 10.1038/nature22391
[31]	Lee J U, Lee S, Ryoo J H, et al. Ising-type magnetic ordering in atomically thin FePS₃. Nano Lett, 2016, 16, 7433 doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03052
[32]	Gong C, Li L, Li Z, et al. Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals. Nature, 2017, 546, 265 doi: 10.1038/nature22060
[33]	Xing W, Chen Y, Odenthal P M, et al. Electric field effect in multilayer Cr₂Ge₂Te₆: a ferromagnetic 2D material. 2D Mater, 2017, 4, 2053 doi: 10.1088/2053-1583/aa7034
[34]	Wang Z, Zhang T, Ding M, et al. Electric-field control of magnetism in a few-layered van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductor. Nat Nanotech, 2018, 13, 554 doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0186-z
[35]	Mogi M, Tsukazaki A, Kaneko Y, et al. Ferromagnetic insulator Cr₂Ge₂Te₆ thin films with perpendicular remanence. APL Mater, 2018, 6, 091104 doi: 10.1063/1.5046166
[36]	Deng Y J, Yu Y J, Song Y C, et al. Gate-tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional Fe₃GeTe₂. Nature, 2018, 563, 94 doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0626-9
[37]	Fei Z, Huang B, Malinowski P, et al. Two-dimensional itinerant ferromagnetism in atomically thin Fe₃GeTe₂. Nat Mater, 2018, 17, 778 doi: 10.1038/s41563-018-0149-7
[38]	Bonilla M, Kolekar S, Ma Y, et al. Strong room-temperature ferromagnetism in VSe₂ monolayers on van der Waals substrates. Nat Nanotech, 2018, 13, 289 doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0063-9
[39]	Li X, Lu J T, Zhang J, et al. Spin-dependent transport in van der Waals magnetic tunnel junctions with Fe₃GeTe₂ electrodes. Nano Lett, 2019, 19, 5133 doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01506
[40]	Miao G, Müller M, Moodera J S, et al. Magnetoresistance in double spin filter tunnel junctions with nonmagnetic electrodes and its unconventional bias dependence. Phys Rev Lett, 2009, 102, 076601 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.076601
[41]	Song H D, Zhu P F, Fang J Z, et al. Anomalous Hall effect in graphene coupled to a layered magnetic semiconductor. Phys Rev B, 2021, 103, 125304 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.103.125304
[42]	Chen Y, Dumcenco D, Zhu Y, et al. Composition-dependent Raman modes of Mo_1–xW_xS₂ monolayer alloys. Nanoscale, 2014, 6, 2833 doi: 10.1039/C3NR05630A

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Received: 22 March 2022 Revised: 12 April 2022 Online: Uncorrected proof: 22 June 2022Accepted Manuscript: 22 June 2022Published: 02 September 2022

Article Navigation > Journal of Semiconductors > 2022 > 43(9): 092501

Jingzhi Fang, Huading Song, Bo Li, Ziqi Zhou, Juehan Yang, Benchuan Lin, Zhimin Liao, Zhongming Wei. Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS2 homojunction[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2022, 43(9): 092501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501 ****Jingzhi Fang, Huading Song, Bo Li, Ziqi Zhou, Juehan Yang, Benchuan Lin, Zhimin Liao, Zhongming Wei. 2022: Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS2 homojunction. Journal of Semiconductors, 43(9): 092501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501

Citation:

Jingzhi Fang, Huading Song, Bo Li, Ziqi Zhou, Juehan Yang, Benchuan Lin, Zhimin Liao, Zhongming Wei. Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2022, 43(9): 092501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501 ****

Jingzhi Fang, Huading Song, Bo Li, Ziqi Zhou, Juehan Yang, Benchuan Lin, Zhimin Liao, Zhongming Wei. 2022: Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction. Journal of Semiconductors, 43(9): 092501. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501

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Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/43/9/092501

Jingzhi Fang^{1, 2, 3, 4},
Huading Song³,
Bo Li⁵,
Ziqi Zhou^{1, 2, 3},
Juehan Yang^{1, 2},
Benchuan Lin⁴,
Zhimin Liao^3,,
Zhongming Wei^{1, 2,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
4.
Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
5.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

More Information

Jingzhi Fang：is a Ph.D. candidate at Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests focus on the low-temperature transport properties of two-dimensional magnetic semiconductors and magnetic topological insulators, as well as the construction of two-dimensional magnetic material heterostructures
Zhimin Liao：received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in 2002 and 2007, respectively. He joined Peking University as a Lecturer in April 2007, and was then promoted to an Associate Professor, Associate Professor with tenure, and Boya Distinguished Professor in 2011, 2017 and 2019, respectively. His research focuses on quantum transport properties of low-dimensional materials and their applications in nanoelectronics
Zhongming Wei：received his B.S. from Wuhan University in 2005, and Ph.D. from Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. From August 2010 to January 2015, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow and then Assistant Professor at University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Currently, he is a Professor at the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include low-dimensional semiconductors and their optoelectronic devices
Corresponding author: liaozm@pku.edu.cn; zmwei@semi.ac.cn
Received Date: 2022-03-22
Revised Date: 2022-04-12

Available Online: 2022-06-22

Abstract

Abstract

A magnetic semiconductor whose electronic charge and spin can be regulated together will be an important component of future spintronic devices. Here, we construct a two-dimensional (2D) Fe doped SnS₂ (Fe-SnS₂) homogeneous junction and investigate its electromagnetic transport feature. The Fe-SnS₂ homojunction device showed large positive and unsaturated magnetoresistance (MR) of 1800% in the parallel magnetic field and 600% in the vertical magnetic field, indicating an obvious anisotropic MR feature. In contrast, The MR of Fe-SnS₂ homojunction is much larger than the pure diamagnetic SnS₂ and most 2D materials. The application of a gate voltage can regulate the MR effect of Fe-SnS₂ homojunction devices. Moreover, the stability of Fe-SnS₂ in air has great application potential. Our Fe-SnS₂ homojunction has a significant potential in future magnetic memory applications.
- magnetic semiconductor,
- homojunction,
- magnetoresistance,
- MR anisotropic

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References(42)

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Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction

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Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction

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Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS2 homojunction

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Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS2 homojunction

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Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction

Large unsaturated magnetoresistance of 2D magnetic semiconductor Fe-SnS₂ homojunction