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Ultrafast valleytronics using short laser pulses

Xiaoheng Chen1, 2 and Kaifeng Wu1, 2,

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 Corresponding author: Kaifeng Wu, kwu@dicp.ac.cn

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/26050031CSTR: 32376.14.1674-4926.26050031

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[1]
Heide C, Keathley P D, Kling M F. Petahertz electronics. Nat Rev Phys, 2024, 6(11): 648 doi: 10.1038/s42254-024-00764-7
[2]
Borsch M, Meierhofer M, Huber R, et al. Lightwave electronics in condensed matter. Nat Rev Mater, 2023, 8(10): 668 doi: 10.1038/s41578-023-00592-8
[3]
Gucci F, Molinero E B, Russo M, et al. Encoding and manipulating ultrafast coherent valleytronic information with lightwaves. Nat Photonics, 2026, 20(3): 266 doi: 10.1038/s41566-025-01823-w
[4]
Schaibley J R, Yu H Y, Clark G, et al. Valleytronics in 2D materials. Nat Rev Mater, 2016, 1(11): 16055 doi: 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.55
[5]
Vitale S A, Nezich D, Varghese J O, et al. Valleytronics: Opportunities, challenges, and paths forward. Small, 2018, 14(38): 1801483 doi: 10.1002/smll.201801483
[6]
Chhowalla M, Shin H S, Eda G, et al. The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets. Nat Chem, 2013, 5(4): 263 doi: 10.1038/nchem.1589
[7]
Xiao D, Liu G B, Feng W X, et al. Coupled spin and valley physics in monolayers of MoS2 and other group-VI dichalcogenides. Phys Rev Lett, 2012, 108(19): 196802 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.196802
[8]
Cao T, Wang G, Han W P, et al. Valley-selective circular dichroism of monolayer molybdenum disulphide. Nat Commun, 2012, 3: 887 doi: 10.1038/ncomms1882
[9]
Mak K F, He K L, Shan J, et al. Control of valley polarization in monolayer MoS2 by optical helicity. Nat Nanotechnol, 2012, 7(8): 494 doi: 10.1038/nnano.2012.96
[10]
Zeng H L, Dai J F, Yao W, et al. Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping. Nat Nanotechnol, 2012, 7(8): 490 doi: 10.1038/nnano.2012.95
[11]
Wang S, Tian H. Two-dimensional Valleytronic Materials. Bristol: IOP Publishing, 2025
Fig. 1.  (Color online) (a) Valley-dependent optical selection rules for interband transitions in monolayer TMDs. σ+ polarized light couples to the K (red) valley, and σ polarized light couples to the K’ (blue) valley[4]. (b) Generation of pump pulse pair using TWINS and measuring valley dynamics through TRFR. (c) TRFR experimental results obtained by continuously varying the delay between the pump pulses (t12) and keeping the probe pulse delay (tPR) fixed. (d) Three-level V-type system illustrating valley decoherence and depolarization. (e) Pulse sequence used for the experiments and simulations in panel f and g. (f, g) TRFR data (circles) obtained by scanning the pump–probe delay (tPR), with the delay between the two pulse pairs (t23) set to 59.9 fs (switching, panel f) or to 58.9 fs (amplification, panel g). For both sets of experiments, t12 = t34 = 41.2 fs. Solid lines are simulations. Panels b–g are from ref.[3].

[1]
Heide C, Keathley P D, Kling M F. Petahertz electronics. Nat Rev Phys, 2024, 6(11): 648 doi: 10.1038/s42254-024-00764-7
[2]
Borsch M, Meierhofer M, Huber R, et al. Lightwave electronics in condensed matter. Nat Rev Mater, 2023, 8(10): 668 doi: 10.1038/s41578-023-00592-8
[3]
Gucci F, Molinero E B, Russo M, et al. Encoding and manipulating ultrafast coherent valleytronic information with lightwaves. Nat Photonics, 2026, 20(3): 266 doi: 10.1038/s41566-025-01823-w
[4]
Schaibley J R, Yu H Y, Clark G, et al. Valleytronics in 2D materials. Nat Rev Mater, 2016, 1(11): 16055 doi: 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.55
[5]
Vitale S A, Nezich D, Varghese J O, et al. Valleytronics: Opportunities, challenges, and paths forward. Small, 2018, 14(38): 1801483 doi: 10.1002/smll.201801483
[6]
Chhowalla M, Shin H S, Eda G, et al. The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets. Nat Chem, 2013, 5(4): 263 doi: 10.1038/nchem.1589
[7]
Xiao D, Liu G B, Feng W X, et al. Coupled spin and valley physics in monolayers of MoS2 and other group-VI dichalcogenides. Phys Rev Lett, 2012, 108(19): 196802 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.196802
[8]
Cao T, Wang G, Han W P, et al. Valley-selective circular dichroism of monolayer molybdenum disulphide. Nat Commun, 2012, 3: 887 doi: 10.1038/ncomms1882
[9]
Mak K F, He K L, Shan J, et al. Control of valley polarization in monolayer MoS2 by optical helicity. Nat Nanotechnol, 2012, 7(8): 494 doi: 10.1038/nnano.2012.96
[10]
Zeng H L, Dai J F, Yao W, et al. Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping. Nat Nanotechnol, 2012, 7(8): 490 doi: 10.1038/nnano.2012.95
[11]
Wang S, Tian H. Two-dimensional Valleytronic Materials. Bristol: IOP Publishing, 2025
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    Received: 19 May 2026 Revised: Online: Accepted Manuscript: 31 August 2026

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      Xiaoheng Chen, Kaifeng Wu. Ultrafast valleytronics using short laser pulses[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2026, In Press. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/26050031 ****X H Chen and K F Wu, Ultrafast valleytronics using short laser pulses[J]. J. Semicond., 2026, accepted doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/26050031
      Citation:
      Xiaoheng Chen, Kaifeng Wu. Ultrafast valleytronics using short laser pulses[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2026, In Press. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/26050031 ****
      X H Chen and K F Wu, Ultrafast valleytronics using short laser pulses[J]. J. Semicond., 2026, accepted doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/26050031

      Ultrafast valleytronics using short laser pulses

      DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/26050031
      CSTR: 32376.14.1674-4926.26050031
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      • Xiaoheng Chen received his B.S. degree in physical chemistry from the University of Science and Technology of China. Now he is a graduate student at Kaifeng Wu’s group in Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics. His research focuses on ultrafast spectroscopy and quantum dots
      • Kaifeng Wu obtained his B.S. degree in materials physics from University of Science and Technology of China (2010) and his PhD degree in physical chemistry from Emory University (2015). After his postdoctoral research at Los Alamos National Laboratory, he moved to Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences to start his independent research in 2017. His current work focuses on the ultrafast spectroscopy of carrier and spin dynamics in low-dimensional optoelectronic materials, as well as relevant applications in quantum information and energy conversion technologies
      • Corresponding author: kwu@dicp.ac.cn
      • Received Date: 2026-05-19
        Available Online: 2026-08-31

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