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Quantum light source devices of In(Ga)As semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots

Xiaowu He1, Yifeng Song2, Ying Yu3, Ben Ma1, Zesheng Chen1, Xiangjun Shang1, Haiqiao Ni1, Baoquan Sun1, Xiuming Dou1, Hao Chen1, Hongyue Hao1, Tongtong Qi1, Shushan Huang1, Hanqing Liu1, Xiangbin Su1, Xinliang Su4, Yujun Shi4 and Zhichuan Niu1, 5, 6,

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: Z.-C. Niu, Email: zcniu@semi.ac.cn

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Abstract: A brief introduction of semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) applied in single-photon sources is given. Single QDs in confined quantum optical microcavity systems are reviewed along with their optical properties and coupling characteristics. Subsequently, the recent progresses in In(Ga)As QDs systems are summarized including the preparation of quantum light sources, multiple methods for embedding single QDs into different microcavities and the scalability of single-photon emitting wavelength. Particularly, several In(Ga)As QD single-photon devices are surveyed including In(Ga)As QDs coupling with nanowires, InAs QDs coupling with distributed Bragg reflection microcavity and the In(Ga)As QDs coupling with micropillar microcavities. Furthermore, applications in the field of single QDs technology are illustrated, such as the entangled photon emission by spontaneous parametric down conversion, the single-photon quantum storage, the chip preparation of single-photon sources as well as the single-photon resonance-fluorescence measurements.

Key words: quantum opticsquantum dotsnanowireslight sources



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Fig. 1.  (Color online) Single photons emitted from quantum 2-level transition and HBT coincidence counting test.

Fig. 2.  (Color online) Schematic diagram of (a) inward total reflective angle and (b) the interaction between atom and microcavity[75].

Fig. 3.  (Color online) Strain-coupled InAs/GaAs single QDs emit at 1.3 μm[56, 76].

Fig. 4.  (Color online) Forward and reversed tapered micropillars with smooth facet[56].

Fig. 5.  (Color online) Test of 1.3 μm micropillar coupled QD SPSs[56].

Fig. 6.  (Color online) InAs (a), GaAs (b) QDs on droplet self-catalyzed NWs and their exciton emission[39, 59].

Fig. 7.  (Color online) Direct fiber extracted AlGaAs/GaAs QD SPSs[60].

Fig. 8.  (Color online) Direct fiber extracted InAs/GaAs QD SPSs[57].

Fig. 9.  (Color online) QD RF and single-photon quantum memory.

Table 1.   Comparison of different III-V epitaxially grown QD material systems and their properties[67].

Material systemTmax (K)λ (nm)CommentRef.
IInGaAs/InAs/GaAs90~1300~1.1–8.6Biexponential decay[68, 69]
InAs/GaAs50~850–1000~1[70]
IIInAs/InP50–70~1550~1–2[71, 72]
InP/InGaP50~650–750~1[7376]
InP/AlGaInP80~650–750~0.5–1[70]
IIIInGaN/GaN150~430~8–60[69–79]
GaN/AlN~0.1–1000~250–500200Lifetime increases with wavelength[80–82]
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Liang B L, Wang Z M, Wang X Y, et a. Energy transfer within ultralow density twin InAs quantum dots grown by droplet epitaxy. ACS Nano, 2008, 2(11), 2219 doi: 10.1021/nn800224p
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Aharonovich I, Englund D, Toth M. Solid-state single-photon emitters. Nat Photonics, 2016, 10(10), 631 doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2016.186
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    Received: 01 June 2019 Revised: 13 June 2019 Online: Accepted Manuscript: 21 June 2019Uncorrected proof: 25 June 2019Published: 05 July 2019

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      Xiaowu He, Yifeng Song, Ying Yu, Ben Ma, Zesheng Chen, Xiangjun Shang, Haiqiao Ni, Baoquan Sun, Xiuming Dou, Hao Chen, Hongyue Hao, Tongtong Qi, Shushan Huang, Hanqing Liu, Xiangbin Su, Xinliang Su, Yujun Shi, Zhichuan Niu. Quantum light source devices of In(Ga)As semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2019, 40(7): 071902. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/7/071902 X W He, Y F Song, Y Yu, B Ma, Z S Chen, X J Shang, H Q Ni, B Q Sun, X M Dou, H Chen, H Y Hao, T T Qi, S S Huang, H Q Liu, X B Su, X L Su, Y J Shi, Z C Niu, Quantum light source devices of In(Ga)As semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots[J]. J. Semicond., 2019, 40(7): 071902. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/7/071902.Export: BibTex EndNote
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      Xiaowu He, Yifeng Song, Ying Yu, Ben Ma, Zesheng Chen, Xiangjun Shang, Haiqiao Ni, Baoquan Sun, Xiuming Dou, Hao Chen, Hongyue Hao, Tongtong Qi, Shushan Huang, Hanqing Liu, Xiangbin Su, Xinliang Su, Yujun Shi, Zhichuan Niu. Quantum light source devices of In(Ga)As semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2019, 40(7): 071902. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/7/071902

      X W He, Y F Song, Y Yu, B Ma, Z S Chen, X J Shang, H Q Ni, B Q Sun, X M Dou, H Chen, H Y Hao, T T Qi, S S Huang, H Q Liu, X B Su, X L Su, Y J Shi, Z C Niu, Quantum light source devices of In(Ga)As semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots[J]. J. Semicond., 2019, 40(7): 071902. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/7/071902.
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      Quantum light source devices of In(Ga)As semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots

      doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/40/7/071902
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      • Corresponding author: Z.-C. Niu, Email: zcniu@semi.ac.cn
      • Received Date: 2019-06-01
      • Revised Date: 2019-06-13
      • Published Date: 2019-07-01

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