J. Semicond. > 2013, Volume 34 > Issue 3 > 035002
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SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology

Siyuan He1, , Changhong Zhang1, Liang Tao1, Weifeng Zhang1, Longyue Zeng1, Wei Lü1 and Haijun Wu1, 2

+ Author Affiliations

 Corresponding author: He Siyuan, Email:hesy@runxinic.com

DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002

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Abstract: A CMOS long-term evolution (LTE) direct convert receiver that eliminates the interstage SAW filter is presented. The receiver consists of a low noise variable gain transconductance amplifier (TCA), a quadrature passive current commutating mixer with a 25% duty-cycle LO, a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA), a 7th-order Chebyshev filter and programmable gain amplifiers (PGAs). A wide dynamic gain range is allocated in the RF and analog parts. A current commutating passive mixer with a 25% duty-cycle LO improves gain, noise, and linearity. An LPF based on a Tow-Thomas biquad suppresses out-of-band interference. Fabricated in a 0.13 μm CMOS process, the receiver chain achieves a 107 dB maximum voltage gain, 2.7 dB DSB NF (from PAD port), -11 dBm ⅡP3, and > +65 dBm ⅡP2 after calibration, 96 dB dynamic control range with 1 dB steps, less than 2% error vector magnitude (EVM) from 2.3 to 2.7 GHz. The total receiver (total I Q path) draws 89 mA from a 1.2-V LDO on chip supply.

Key words: RF CMOS, passive mixer, 25% duty-cycle, saw-less, noise figure, Chebyshev filter, LTE



[1]
3GPP TS 36.807. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) UE (user equipment) radio transmission and reception. http://www.3gpp.org
[2]
Khatri H, Gudem P S, Larson L E, et al. A SAW-less CMOS CDMA receiver with active TX filtering. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose CA, 2009:379 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5280803/
[3]
Stephan S C B, Klumperink E A M, Leenaerts D M W, et al. The Blixer, a wideband balun-LNA-I/Q-mixer topology. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(12):2706 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.2004866
[4]
Zhuo W, Peng S. Systems, methods, and apparatus for frequency conversion. US Patent Pending, Sept. 14, 2006
[5]
Tenbroek B, Strange J, Nalbantis D, et al. Single-chip tri-band WCDMA/HSDPA transceiver without external SAW filters and with integrated TX power control. IEEE ISSCC, 2008:203 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4523127/
[6]
Koller R, Rühlicke T, Pimingsdorfer D, et al. A single-chip 0.13μm CMOS UMTS W-CDMA multi-band transceiver. IEEE RFIC Symp, 2006:187
[7]
Kaczman D, Shah M, Alam M, et al. A single-chip 10-band WCDMA/HSDPA 4-band GSM/EDGE SAW-less CMOS receiver with DigRF 3G interface and +90 dBm ⅡP2. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2009, 44(3):718 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2013762
[8]
Elahi I, Muhammd K. ⅡP2 calibration by injecting DC offset at the mixer in a wireless receiver. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst, 2007, 54(12):1135 doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2007.905376
[9]
Sacchi E, Bietti I, Erbat S, et al. A 15 mW, 70 kHz 1/f corner direct conversion CMOS receiver. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose, CA, 2003:459 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1249440/?arnumber=1249440&pageNumber%3D43003%26rowsPerPage%3D75
[10]
Thomas L. The biquad:part Ⅱ—a multipurpose active filtering system. IEEE Trans Circuits Theory, 1991, 18(3):358 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1083278/?isnumber=23411&arnumber=1083278&count=24&index=4
Fig. 1.  Architecture of Rx.

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Fig. 2.  Simplified schematic of the transconductance amplifier (TCA) with large gain control range.

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Fig. 3.  Schematic of a passive mixer with 25% LO.

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Fig. 4.  Analog signal processing circuitry. (a) Second-order RC active low pass filter. (b) First-order RC active low pass filter. (c) PGA cell with DC-offset-cancellation circuitry.

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Fig. 5.  Die microphotograph of the receiver as part of LTE transceiver.

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Fig. 6.  Measured $R_x$ chain voltage gain versus control word.

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Fig. 7.  Measured Rx chain DSB NF and voltage gain versus LO frequency.

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Fig. 8.  Measured double side band NF versus IF at 2.4 GHz LO.

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Fig. 9.  Measured out-of-band ⅡP3 versus gain.

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Fig. 10.  Measured ⅡP2 (un)calibrate versus interference power.

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Fig. 11.  Measured receiver output frequency response at max bw setting (20 MHz).

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Fig. 12.  Measured receiver output frequency response in band at max bw. setting (20 MHz).

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Fig. 13.  EVM versus input power at 2.65 GHz.

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Table 1.   Performance comparison with recent publications.
[1]
3GPP TS 36.807. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) UE (user equipment) radio transmission and reception. http://www.3gpp.org
[2]
Khatri H, Gudem P S, Larson L E, et al. A SAW-less CMOS CDMA receiver with active TX filtering. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose CA, 2009:379 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5280803/
[3]
Stephan S C B, Klumperink E A M, Leenaerts D M W, et al. The Blixer, a wideband balun-LNA-I/Q-mixer topology. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(12):2706 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.2004866
[4]
Zhuo W, Peng S. Systems, methods, and apparatus for frequency conversion. US Patent Pending, Sept. 14, 2006
[5]
Tenbroek B, Strange J, Nalbantis D, et al. Single-chip tri-band WCDMA/HSDPA transceiver without external SAW filters and with integrated TX power control. IEEE ISSCC, 2008:203 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4523127/
[6]
Koller R, Rühlicke T, Pimingsdorfer D, et al. A single-chip 0.13μm CMOS UMTS W-CDMA multi-band transceiver. IEEE RFIC Symp, 2006:187
[7]
Kaczman D, Shah M, Alam M, et al. A single-chip 10-band WCDMA/HSDPA 4-band GSM/EDGE SAW-less CMOS receiver with DigRF 3G interface and +90 dBm ⅡP2. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 2009, 44(3):718 doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2013762
[8]
Elahi I, Muhammd K. ⅡP2 calibration by injecting DC offset at the mixer in a wireless receiver. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst, 2007, 54(12):1135 doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2007.905376
[9]
Sacchi E, Bietti I, Erbat S, et al. A 15 mW, 70 kHz 1/f corner direct conversion CMOS receiver. Proc IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf (CICC), San Jose, CA, 2003:459 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1249440/?arnumber=1249440&pageNumber%3D43003%26rowsPerPage%3D75
[10]
Thomas L. The biquad:part Ⅱ—a multipurpose active filtering system. IEEE Trans Circuits Theory, 1991, 18(3):358 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1083278/?isnumber=23411&arnumber=1083278&count=24&index=4

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    Received: 21 August 2012 Revised: 10 October 2012 Online: Published: 01 March 2013

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      Article Navigation >  Journal of Semiconductors  > 2013  >  34(3): 035002
      Siyuan He, Changhong Zhang, Liang Tao, Weifeng Zhang, Longyue Zeng, Wei Lü, Haijun Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002 ****S Y He, C H Zhang, L Tao, W F Zhang, L Y Zeng, W Lü, H J Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. J. Semicond., 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002.
      Citation:
      Siyuan He, Changhong Zhang, Liang Tao, Weifeng Zhang, Longyue Zeng, Wei Lü, Haijun Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002 ****
      S Y He, C H Zhang, L Tao, W F Zhang, L Y Zeng, W Lü, H J Wu. A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology[J]. J. Semicond., 2013, 34(3): 035002. doi: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002.
      shu

      A saw-less direct conversion long term evolution receiver with 25% duty-cycle LO in 130 nm CMOS technology

      DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/34/3/035002
      • 1.

        Guangzhou Runxin Information Technology Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 510663, China

      • 2.

        School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

      Funds:

      Project supported by the National High Technology R&D Program of China (No. 2009AA01Z260) and the Guangdong & Hong Kong Cooperation Key Area 2010 Program (No. 2010A090601001)

      the National High Technology R&D Program of China 2009AA01Z260

      the Guangdong & Hong Kong Cooperation Key Area 2010 Program 2010A090601001

      More Information
      • Corresponding author: He Siyuan, Email:hesy@runxinic.com
      • Received Date: 2012-08-21
      • Revised Date: 2012-10-10
      • Published Date: 2013-03-01

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