Review Articles MORE

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  Recent progress in flexible sensors based on 2D materials

  Abstract Full Text PDF With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable electronics, the role of flexible sensors is becoming increasingly irreplaceable, due to their ability to process and convert information acquisition. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been widely welcomed by researchers as sensitive layers, which broadens the range and application of flexible sensors due to the advantages of their large specific surface area, tunable energy bands, controllable thickness at the atomic level, stable mechanical properties, and excellent optoelectronic properties. This review focuses on five different types of 2D materials for monitoring pressure, humidity, sound, gas, and so on, to realize the recognition and conversion of human body and environmental signals. Meanwhile, the main problems and possible solutions of flexible sensors based on 2D materials as sensitive layers are summarized.

  With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable electronics, the role of flexible sensors is becoming increasingly irreplaceable, due to their ability to process and convert information acquisition. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been widely welcomed by researchers as sensitive layers, which broadens the range and application of flexible sensors due to the advantages of their large specific surface area, tunable energy bands, controllable thickness at the atomic level, stable mechanical properties, and excellent optoelectronic properties. This review focuses on five different types of 2D materials for monitoring pressure, humidity, sound, gas, and so on, to realize the recognition and conversion of human body and environmental signals. Meanwhile, the main problems and possible solutions of flexible sensors based on 2D materials as sensitive layers are summarized.
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  Optical network-on-chip (ONoC) architectures: a detailed analysis of optical router designs

  Abstract Full Text PDF Optical network-on-chip (ONoC) systems have emerged as a promising solution to overcome limitations of traditional electronic interconnects. Efficient ONoC architectures rely on optical routers, enabling high-speed data transfer, efficient routing, and scalability. This paper presents a comprehensive survey analyzing optical router designs, specifically microring resonators (MRRs), mach zehnder interferometers (MZIs), and hybrid architectures. Selected comparison criteria, chosen for their critical importance, significantly impact router functionality and performance. By emphasizing these criteria, valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of different designs are gained, facilitating informed decisions and advancements in optical networking. While other factors contribute to performance and efficiency, the chosen criteria consistently address fundamental elements, enabling meaningful evaluation. This work serves as a valuable resource for beginners, providing a solid foundation in understanding ONoC and optical routers. It also offers an in-depth survey for experts, laying the groundwork for further exploration. Additionally, the importance of considering design constraints and requirements when selecting an optimal router design is highlighted. Continued research and innovation will enable the development of efficient optical router solutions that meet the evolving needs of modern computing systems. This survey underscores the significance of ongoing advancements in the field and their potential impact on future technologies.

  Optical network-on-chip (ONoC) systems have emerged as a promising solution to overcome limitations of traditional electronic interconnects. Efficient ONoC architectures rely on optical routers, enabling high-speed data transfer, efficient routing, and scalability. This paper presents a comprehensive survey analyzing optical router designs, specifically microring resonators (MRRs), mach zehnder interferometers (MZIs), and hybrid architectures. Selected comparison criteria, chosen for their critical importance, significantly impact router functionality and performance. By emphasizing these criteria, valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of different designs are gained, facilitating informed decisions and advancements in optical networking. While other factors contribute to performance and efficiency, the chosen criteria consistently address fundamental elements, enabling meaningful evaluation. This work serves as a valuable resource for beginners, providing a solid foundation in understanding ONoC and optical routers. It also offers an in-depth survey for experts, laying the groundwork for further exploration. Additionally, the importance of considering design constraints and requirements when selecting an optimal router design is highlighted. Continued research and innovation will enable the development of efficient optical router solutions that meet the evolving needs of modern computing systems. This survey underscores the significance of ongoing advancements in the field and their potential impact on future technologies.
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  Recent progress on elemental tellurium and its devices

  Abstract Full Text PDF The rapid advancement of information technology has heightened interest in complementary devices and circuits. Conventional p-type semiconductors often lack sufficient electrical performance, thus prompting the search for new materials with high hole mobility and long-term stability. Elemental tellurium (Te), featuring a one-dimensional chiral atomic structure, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its narrow bandgap, high hole mobility, and versatility in industrial applications, particularly in electronics and renewable energy. This review highlights recent progress in Te nanostructures and related devices, focusing on synthesis methods, including vapor deposition and hydrothermal synthesis, which produce Te nanowires, nanorods, and other nanostructures. Critical applications in photodetectors, gas sensors, and energy harvesting devices are discussed, with a special emphasis on their role within the internet of things (IoT) framework, a rapidly growing field that is reshaping our technological landscape. The prospects and potential applications of Te-based technologies are also highlighted.

  The rapid advancement of information technology has heightened interest in complementary devices and circuits. Conventional p-type semiconductors often lack sufficient electrical performance, thus prompting the search for new materials with high hole mobility and long-term stability. Elemental tellurium (Te), featuring a one-dimensional chiral atomic structure, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its narrow bandgap, high hole mobility, and versatility in industrial applications, particularly in electronics and renewable energy. This review highlights recent progress in Te nanostructures and related devices, focusing on synthesis methods, including vapor deposition and hydrothermal synthesis, which produce Te nanowires, nanorods, and other nanostructures. Critical applications in photodetectors, gas sensors, and energy harvesting devices are discussed, with a special emphasis on their role within the internet of things (IoT) framework, a rapidly growing field that is reshaping our technological landscape. The prospects and potential applications of Te-based technologies are also highlighted.
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  Artificial sensory neurons and their applications

  Abstract Full Text PDF With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the demand for high-performance and energy-efficient computing is increasingly growing. The limitations of the traditional von Neumann computing architecture have prompted researchers to explore neuromorphic computing as a solution. Neuromorphic computing mimics the working principles of the human brain, characterized by high efficiency, low energy consumption, and strong fault tolerance, providing a hardware foundation for the development of new generation AI technology. Artificial neurons and synapses are the two core components of neuromorphic computing systems. Artificial perception is a crucial aspect of neuromorphic computing, where artificial sensory neurons play an irreplaceable role thus becoming a frontier and hot topic of research. This work reviews recent advances in artificial sensory neurons and their applications. First, biological sensory neurons are briefly described. Then, different types of artificial neurons, such as transistor neurons and memristive neurons, are discussed in detail, focusing on their device structures and working mechanisms. Next, the research progress of artificial sensory neurons and their applications in artificial perception systems is systematically elaborated, covering various sensory types, including vision, touch, hearing, taste, and smell. Finally, challenges faced by artificial sensory neurons at both device and system levels are summarized.

  With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the demand for high-performance and energy-efficient computing is increasingly growing. The limitations of the traditional von Neumann computing architecture have prompted researchers to explore neuromorphic computing as a solution. Neuromorphic computing mimics the working principles of the human brain, characterized by high efficiency, low energy consumption, and strong fault tolerance, providing a hardware foundation for the development of new generation AI technology. Artificial neurons and synapses are the two core components of neuromorphic computing systems. Artificial perception is a crucial aspect of neuromorphic computing, where artificial sensory neurons play an irreplaceable role thus becoming a frontier and hot topic of research. This work reviews recent advances in artificial sensory neurons and their applications. First, biological sensory neurons are briefly described. Then, different types of artificial neurons, such as transistor neurons and memristive neurons, are discussed in detail, focusing on their device structures and working mechanisms. Next, the research progress of artificial sensory neurons and their applications in artificial perception systems is systematically elaborated, covering various sensory types, including vision, touch, hearing, taste, and smell. Finally, challenges faced by artificial sensory neurons at both device and system levels are summarized.